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IRS agrees to share tax data on immigrants for criminal cases

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The Internal Revenue Service will give taxpayer data about immigrants to U.S. authorities conducting criminal investigations, saying it will support President Donald Trump’s pledge to deport people illegally in the U.S.  

A memorandum of understanding was struck Monday between the Treasury Department, which oversees the IRS, and the Department of Homeland Security to share information in response to valid law enforcement requests. The agreement was part of documents filed over a lawsuit by four immigration groups seeking to slow the Trump administration’s mass deportation policies.

The groups sued to block the IRS from potentially sharing taxpayer information about millions of non-citizens who don’t have Social Security numbers but may pay taxes after obtaining Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers. While federal officials say the agreement includes safeguards and applies only to criminal matters, immigrant and tax groups warn that the IRS shouldn’t reverse longstanding privacy policies to target migrants.

“The MOU only permits the lawful exchange of information for taxpayers who are under criminal investigation or subject to a criminal proceeding,” the Justice Department’s tax division said in a court filing. That agreement “simply establishes procedures and guardrails for ensuring that such requests and subsequent transfers of information are handled lawfully and securely.”

Being in the country without authorization is not a crime by itself, but the Trump administration has referred to those crossing the border illegally as criminals and has enlisted the IRS in its crackdown.

Access to sensitive tax data would “expose millions of taxpayers to the administration’s aggressive immigration enforcement tactics,” the groups, including Centro de Trabajadores Unidos, said in the complaint. The IRS’s computer systems “house the single largest source of the names and current addresses of individuals not authorized to be present in the United States.” 

A spokesperson for the Treasury said that the agreement establishes a “clear and secure process to support law enforcement’s efforts to combat illegal immigration.”

“The bases for this MOU are founded in longstanding authorities granted by Congress, which serve to protect the privacy of law-abiding Americans while streamlining the ability to pursue criminals,” the spokesperson said.

The Tax Law Center at the New York University School of Law said in a report last week that an IRS-Homeland Security data-sharing agreement could erode voluntary tax compliance, a key to the U.S. tax system. It may deter people from filing taxes out of fear of immigration enforcement, even in error, potentially costing billions in lost revenue. The move also breaks decades of IRS assurances that immigrants’ tax data would remain confidential.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem signed the agreement, which allows for sharing tax information for crimes related to migration. One involves aliens who willfully stay in the U.S. for 90 days after a removal order and another involves immigrants who reenter the U.S. after a removal order, according to the memo and the court filing. 

The groups that filed the lawsuit also include Immigrant Solidarity DuPage, Somos Un Pueblo Unido and Inclusive Action for the City. They said that a section of the Internal Revenue Code, known as 6103, forbids the Treasury Department from sharing return information for civil immigration enforcement.

“All the evidence suggests DHS wants this information to find undocumented workers, and that’s not a permissible basis for sharing confidential taxpayer information,” said Nandan Joshi, a lawyer for the plaintiffs with Public Citizen. “The only way to get confidential information to locate potential criminals is to get a court order.”

They are seeking a preliminary injunction to prevent the IRS from transferring the data until the court issues a final decision. U.S. District Judge Dabney Friedrich previously denied their request for a temporary block in Washington federal court. 

Section 6103 of the Tax Code allows sharing information in criminal investigations and proceedings. In 2017, the complaint says, the IRS said the code didn’t permit it to share tax data with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. 

“To entertain and enter into an information sharing agreement,” the IRS “would have to change its interpretation of section 6103” and provide “a reasoned explanation for that change,” the groups said in their complaint. 

A Department of Homeland Security spokesperson said that the government is “sharing information across the federal government to solve problems.”

“Information sharing across agencies is essential to identify who is in our country, including violent criminals, determine what public safety and terror threats may exist so we can neutralize them, scrub these individuals from voter rolls, as well as identify what public benefits these aliens are using at taxpayer expense,” the spokesperson said.

The case is Centro de Trabajadores Unidos v. Bessent, 25-cv-677, US District Court (District of Columbia).

— With assistance from Daniel Flatley, Zoe Tillman, Hadriana Lowenkron and Alicia A. Caldwell

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Accounting

FASB Standardizes Carbon Offsets Accounting Rules

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FASB Standardizes Carbon Offsets Accounting Rules

In a decisive move toward standardized environmental financial reporting, accounting standards boards issued updated implementation guidance during the week ending July 25, 2026, regarding the formal recognition and valuation of corporate carbon offsets and environmental credits. The revised frameworks establish precise rules for how enterprises must measure, record, and disclose carbon credits on balance sheets, eliminating years of inconsistent reporting practices across public capital markets.

Under the finalized accounting standard, purchased carbon offsets can no longer be categorized under vague administrative expenses or unstandardized intangible asset accounts. Instead, organizations must classify environmental credits based on underlying operational intent—distinguishing between credits held for immediate compliance compliance obligations, long-term offset obligations, or active market trading. Furthermore, companies are required to evaluate carbon holdings for fair value impairment at the end of each reporting period, ensuring that depreciated or low-quality environmental credits do not distort corporate asset values.

The standardized rules carry significant implications for corporate audit committees and chief accounting officers. External audit firms are implementing rigorous verification protocols to validate the physical legitimacy, legal ownership, and scientific permanence of carbon credits claimed on balance sheets. Inaccurate or overstated carbon accounting claims now carry substantial financial litigation risk, alongside potential regulatory enforcement for misleading ESG disclosures.

To remain fully compliant, corporate accounting departments must establish centralized carbon tracking systems integrated into primary standard ERP ledgers. Accounting teams that proactively adopt standardized environmental reporting protocols will build investor credibility, streamline annual audit processes, and insulate their organizations against evolving regulatory scrutiny.

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Accounting

Automated Tax Compliance Tools Reduce Risk

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Automated Tax Compliance Tools Reduce Risk

Corporate tax departments reached a critical juncture in automated operational management. With nations worldwide rapidly enacting digital service taxes, localized value-added tax (VAT) mandates, and real-time electronic invoicing requirements, manual tax calculations have become obsolete. Modern corporate tax divisions are aggressively deploying AI-driven tax engine software to automate complex cross-border indirect tax calculations in real time.

The imperative for automated tax compliance stems from the sheer complexity of current trade policies and multi-jurisdictional commerce. E-commerce platforms, software vendors, and global manufacturers face constantly changing regional tax rates, statutory exemption rules, and cross-border tariff structures. Automated tax engines embed directly into enterprise enterprise resource planning (ERP) architectures, automatically applying correct tax codes at the point of sale, calculating real-time withholding amounts, and generating compliant e-invoices.

Automated audit trail generation represents another key advantage of modern tax tech integration. Advanced compliance platforms log every transactional tax determination on immutable digital ledgers, providing tax authorities with transparent, self-verifying audit trails. This capability drastically reduces the operational duration and administrative cost of corporate tax audits, protecting enterprises against severe penalties resulting from calculation errors or missed reporting deadlines.

For chief financial officers and tax directors, investing in automated tax compliance is a vital operational risk mitigation strategy. Automating routine tax calculations frees high-level accounting professionals to focus on strategic tax planning, transfer pricing optimization, and risk management in an increasingly complex global economic environment.

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Accounting

Continuous Auditing Transforms Corporate ERPs

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continuous auditing transforms corporate erps

As corporate accounting departments cross the threshold into late July 2026, the adoption of continuous, automated auditing systems has reached a definitive turning point. Driven by advances in artificial intelligence and deep integration with modern Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) platforms, leading finance organizations are moving away from traditional, periodic post-hoc audits in favor of real-time, 100% transactional verification. This technological transition is redefining internal control environments, reducing compliance costs, and eliminating the structural delays inherent in legacy quarterly closing processes.

Unlike traditional auditing frameworks that rely on statistical sampling—a process that inevitably leaves operational blind spots—continuous auditing software monitors operational data feeds continuously. Every purchase order, electronic invoice, payroll disbursement, and cross-border wire transfer is automatically cross-referenced against established corporate governance parameters, regulatory tax schedules, and anti-fraud algorithms in real time. Anomalies or unauthorized ledger entries are flagged instantly, allowing internal audit teams to investigate and remediate compliance gaps immediately rather than months after the close of a financial period.

The implications for executive financial management are far-reaching. By embedding continuous verification directly into daily transaction workflows, chief financial officers gain uninterrupted visibility into the organization’s true financial standing. Real-time balance sheet auditing eliminates the severe operational bottlenecks associated with month-end and quarter-end financial reconciliations, freeing accounting professionals to focus on strategic financial modeling, tax planning, and capital allocation rather than manual data entry and spreadsheet consolidation.

However, implementing continuous auditing requires accounting leadership to invest heavily in data governance and technical upskilling. Internal audit teams must evolve from manual ledger reviewers into system architects capable of auditing complex algorithms and validating automated data pipelines. Accounting firms and corporate controllers that master continuous auditing will establish a resilient compliance framework capable of meeting stringent international regulatory standards with total transparency.

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