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Accountants need to balance AI, automation and crucial skills

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The accounting profession faces a dual challenge: a persistent talent shortage and an urgent need to adapt to a rapidly changing business world. 

As businesses struggle to fill critical roles, automation and artificial intelligence are increasingly viewed as answers to these challenges. These technologies have immense promise, particularly for automating repetitive and time-consuming operations, but they also raise serious concerns about their impact on the profession. 

Automation is ideal for handling many tedious activities that have historically defined accounting work. Technology can greatly minimize the manual burden in areas such as invoice processing and account reconciliation. Robotic process automation, for example, can handle routine bookkeeping duties, freeing up accountants’ time to focus on higher-value activities such as strategic planning and advisory services. 

Similarly, advanced AI systems can examine huge data sets, detecting abnormalities or patterns that would typically require hours of human work. In sectors such as fraud prevention, AI’s capacity to detect anomalous transactions in real time can help accountants examine concerns more effectively. These efficiencies are game changers for businesses dealing with talent shortages, allowing smaller teams to accomplish more with less. 

However, over-reliance on automation carries concerns that cannot be overlooked. One major concern is the possible lack of human oversight. While machines are great at processing and analyzing data, they lack the contextual understanding and ethical judgment human accountants bring to their jobs. Recent occurrences, such as the Macy’s example, in which an employee concealed delivery expenses for several years, highlight the importance of critical thinking and professional skepticism — qualities that technology cannot replace. Furthermore, as technology replaces entry-level jobs, the workforce risks becoming deskilled. New accountants may miss out on learning fundamental skills, resulting in a knowledge gap that could undermine the profession over time. 

The key to fully realizing the benefits of automation while maintaining the integrity of the accounting industry is to strike a cautious balance. Automation should be considered as a tool that complements, not replaces, human skill. By automating mundane and repetitive processes, technology allows accountants to focus on areas where their judgment, creativity and strategic insight are required, such as complicated problem-solving and ethical decision-making. Instead of removing entry-level positions, businesses could rethink them with automated operations and opportunities for hands-on learning. This guarantees that emerging professionals continue to develop critical skills while taking advantage of automation’s benefits. 

At the same time, businesses must prioritize continual skill development to keep accountants at the forefront of technology innovations. This includes providing them with skills in areas like business/accounting analytics and AI tools, ensuring they can not only utilize these technologies effectively but also analyze and act on the insights they provide. By empowering accountants in this way, automation complements rather than replaces humans. 

Instead of perceiving automation as a threat, the accounting profession should see it as an opportunity to rethink its value proposition. Accounting may be elevated from a numbers-driven discipline to one that provides strategic insights and demonstrable business effects through thoughtful integration of technology. Educational institutions play an important part in this process. By educating students on navigating and leveraging technology while encouraging critical thinking, they may prepare the next generation of accountants for a world in which technology and human expertise coexist. 

Automation and AI have the ability to address the accounting profession’s skills shortages, but their greatest value resides in allowing accountants to focus on the creative and strategic aspects of their work. By investing in a balanced approach, the profession may ensure that technology improves its skills while not eroding its core strengths. The future of accounting does not involve machines replacing humans but rather humans and machines collaborating to achieve more.

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Accounting

In the blogs: Judge for yourself

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Refunds without taxes; bouncing BOI; never too late for an Employee Retention Credit; and other highlights from our favorite tax bloggers.

Judge for yourself

  • TaxProf Blog (http://taxprof.typepad.com/taxprof_blog/): How income taxation can, and should, be used to regulate judicial misconduct when conduct rules fail.
  • Tax Foundation (https://taxfoundation.org/blog): The German economy has been contracting for two years, with corporate investments trailing those of other European countries. Business confidence remains low, economic outlooks pessimistic. Will the recent election produce tax policy for economic growth?
  • Taxing Subjects (https://www.drakesoftware.com/blog): The IRS has joined the Coalition Against Scam and Scheme Threats with safeguards this season to help you protect clients.
  • Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy (https://itep.org/category/blog/): A new report finds that states could raise $19 billion a year with one policy change targeting corporate tax avoidance: worldwide combined reporting.
  • Taxable Talk (http://www.taxabletalk.com/): To Err Is Golden Dept.: California says it issued incorrect 1099-Gs.
  • Tax Notes (https://www.taxnotes.com/procedurally-taxing): How a section of the TAS Act allows taxpayers who are on an installment agreement or in a CNC status to bring a refund suit even if they haven’t yet fully paid the taxes.
  • Don’t Mess with Taxes (http://dontmesswithtaxes.typepad.com/): Could the federal estate tax wind up halved rather than eliminated?
  • Tax Vox (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxvox): DOGE might assume that those new IRS employees are expendable. Why they’re not.

Report cards

  • Eide Bailly (https://www.eidebailly.com/taxblog): How and why Corporate Transparency Act filing rules are back on.
  • U of I Tax School (https://taxschool.illinois.edu/blog/): Note too that the House has unanimously passed a bill to extend the deadline for pre-2024 reporting companies to 2026.
  • MBK (https://www.mbkcpa.com/insights): So now the deadline is March 21. Unless it isn’t.
  • The Tax Times (https://www.thetaxtimes.com): Though, “in keeping with Treasury’s commitment to reducing regulatory burden on businesses, during this 30-day period FinCEN will assess its options to further modify deadlines, while prioritizing reporting for those entities that pose the most significant national security risks.” 

To the swift

  • Armanino (https://www.armanino.com/articles/): Taylor Swift’s Eras Tour didn’t just shatter records for attendance and ticket sales; it showcased the unique tax challenges entertainers and athletes face when working across multiple states and countries. A look at how such folk can maximize tax credits and incentives.
  • CLA (https://www.claconnect.com/en/resources?pageNum=0): What to remind them about time remaining to claim the ERC via amended returns.
  • TaxProCenter (https://accountants.intuit.com/taxprocenter/): You may not know where they keep coming from but they sure keep coming: unprepared clients and four ways to deal with them.
  • AICPA & CIMA (https://www.aicpa-cima.com/blog): With an eye to the pipeline, why accounting should go out of its way to provide high schoolers with real-world experiences and insights about the profession.
  • Turbotax (https://blog.turbotax.intuit.com): What to remind them about LLC taxes.
  • Current Federal Tax Developments (https://www.currentfederaltaxdevelopments.com/): A look at IRS guidance on issuing health insurance coverage statements to individuals under provisions of the Paperwork Burden Reduction Act.
  • The National Association of Tax Professionals (https://blog.natptax.com/): This “You Make the Call” looks at Sandra, a partner in an LLC and who received a K-1 with $45,000 in Box 19, Code C. The instructions for this current distribution indicate that this is the partnership’s adjusted basis of property immediately before it was distributed to Sandra. Besides the adjusted basis, what does her tax preparer need to know to complete the new Form 7217, “Partner’s Report of Property Distributed by a Partnership,” to be filed with her 1040?
  • Massey and Company (https://masseyandcompanycpa.com/blog/): Software as a Service is tricky for all kinds of taxes given its recurring revenue and service obligations. Best practices and key concepts to navigate SaaS accounting. 
  • Parametric (https://www.parametricportfolio.com/blog): How bond ladders can unlock direct indexing opportunities, including the tax advantages, in fixed income.
  • Vertex (https://www.vertexinc.com/resources/resource-library/filter/field_asset_type/blog?page=0): Key points of transfer pricing and its being an essential aspect of global commerce that directly impacts multinational profitability and tax obligations. 
  • National Taxpayer Advocate (https://www.taxpayeradvocate.irs.gov/taxnews-information/blogs-nta): What to remind them about disaster-related tax relief, including deductibility of relief payments and casualty loss deductions.
  • Virginia – U.S. Tax Talk (https://us-tax.org/about-this-us-tax-blog/): For U.S. persons, purchasing or owning real estate property overseas comes with significant tax and reporting obligations. Nine points U.S. taxpayers should consider.

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Accounting

IRS COO Melanie Krause named acting commissioner

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Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent named Internal Revenue Service chief operating officer Melanie Krause as acting commissioner after the retirement of acting commissioner Douglas O’Donnell.

O’Donnell has been acting commissioner since January, taking over from former IRS commissioner Danny Werfel, who announced he would be resigning on Inauguration Day after President Trump named Billy Long, a former congressman from Missouri, as the next commissioner, even though Werfel’s term wasn’t scheduled to end until November 2027. O’Donnell had been deputy commissioner at the IRS at the time, and was previously acting commissioner from November 2022 to March 2023 during the transition between former IRS Commissioner Chuck Rettig and Werfel. 

“The IRS has been my professional home for 38 years,” O’Donnell said in a statement Tuesday. “I care deeply about the institution and its people and am confident that Melanie will be an outstanding steward of the Service until a new Commissioner is confirmed.” 

The IRS has been going through a period of turmoil, with an estimated 6,700 IRS employees laid off last week in the middle of tax season. A group of former IRS commissioners is warning about the impact, including delayed refunds and longer telephone response times. 

Senate confirmation hearings have not yet been scheduled for Long, but he is expected to be questioned about his record of promoting the fraud-plagued Employee Retention Tax Credit after leaving Congress, as well as his sponsorship of a bill to eliminate the IRS while he was in Congress.

Until Long is confirmed, IRS COO Krause will now move into O’Donnell’s deputy commissioner role and serve as acting commissioner of the nation’s tax agency. 

“On behalf of the Treasury Department, I want to thank Doug O’Donnell for his decades of public service and dedication to the nation’s taxpayers,” Bessent said in a statement Tuesday. “He has been a remarkable public servant, and I wish him the best in retirement. At the same time, Melanie Krause and the agency’s leadership team are well positioned to serve during this critical period for the nation in advance of the April tax deadline.” 

Krause has served as IRS COO since April 2024 after acting as deputy commissioner of operations support since January of the same year. As COO, she oversees the operations including the Chief Financial Officer; Chief Risk Office; Facilities Management and Security Services; Human Capital Office; Office of Chief Procurement; Privacy, Governmental Liaison and Disclosure; Research, Applied Analytics and Statistics. 

She began her career at the IRS in October 2021 as chief data and analytics officer. In this role, in addition to leading the RAAS team, Krause also coordinated research activities including using AI and other advanced analytics. Krause also served as acting deputy commissioner for services and enforcement from November 2022 to March 2023. 

Prior to joining the IRS, Krause spent 12 years in the federal oversight community, including the Government Accountability Office and the Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Inspector General. Krause also maintains an active license as a registered nurse. She holds bachelor, master and doctoral degrees from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.  

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Accounting

PICPA offers guide to recruiting and compensation

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The Pennsylvania Institute of CPAs released a report Tuesday analyzing how firms can attract and retain talent amid the accountant shortage.

The report analyzes how accounting firms in Pennsylvania are structuring compensation, navigating retention and recruitment challenges, and adapting their benefits to remain competitive.

Cryder-Jennifer-PICPA-2024.jpg
Jennifer Cryder

Jennifer Cryder

“Our latest findings make it clear: salary alone isn’t enough to attract and retain top talent in today’s market and firms need to be thinking differently about what matters,” said PICPA CEO Jennifer Cryder in a statement. “Holistic compensation strategies that include competitive benefits, flexible work arrangements, and clear career development pathways are critical in today’s world. Above all, we intend for this report to provide firm leaders with the insights they need to build a sustainable workforce for the future.”

The report found the firms surveyed by PICPA are experiencing inconsistencies in their ability to retain talent, with 48.3% reporting an increase in staff retention, while 24.1% of the respondents saw a decrease and 27.6% said retention remained stable. Firms reported an average salary increase of 8% in June 2024, up from 5% in July 2023, indicating slow but consistent average salary growth.

Offering comprehensive benefits remains a priority, with 88.5% of the firms surveyed providing medical insurance, 80.8% offering dental coverage, and 73.1% including vision insurance for employees.

Efforts to attract talent are changing, with 58.7% of the firms that responded to the survey increasing their hiring activity over the past year, while 37.9% maintained steady recruitment levels.

Many firms are responding to employee expectations for work-life balance, with 80% of the surveyed firms allowing flex hours outside of core hours and 76.9% offering flexible work options year-round.

With over half (54.2%) of the surveyed firms identifying hiring and talent retention as a top priority in 2025, the report stresses the need for firms to move beyond traditional compensation models. The report found a shift toward total rewards strategies — integrating salary, benefits, professional development and work-life balance — is essential to attracting and retaining top talent in an increasingly competitive market.

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