Accounting
Is a fraud pandemic around the corner?
Cycles are nothing new in the world of white-collar enforcement, which often impact the perceived importance of corporate governance processes. However, as we say in my other home country, “plus ça change, moins ça change” (the more things change, the more they stay the same!)
Rules tighten in the aftermath of scandal or financial crisis, then loosen in the name of relaxing regulations that stifle innovation, economic growth or administrative priority shifts. Regulatory enforcement intensity waxes and wanes, but the importance of appropriate governance and controls remains critical to corporate well-being.
We now appear to be entering another familiar enforcement phase: a pullback in domestic focus, deeper scrutiny on specific areas, a lighter touch on corporate accountability and greater attention on foreign actors. While this is certainly not unprecedented, this environment raises important questions and challenges about corporate behavior, compliance resilience and the long-term risks of a less stringent enforcement environment.
Like a pandemic, fraud spreads silently at first — thriving in weak systems, exploiting human vulnerabilities and multiplying rapidly before anyone realizes the true scale of the contagion. Just as the Enron and WorldCom scandals
Where the risk may surface first
Certain sectors are especially vulnerable in this type of environment. As well as the more traditionally targeted industries, new areas like crypto and digital assets, which continue to develop ahead of clear regulatory frameworks, are particularly at risk. While high-profile prosecutions have taken place, certain new industry participants still operate in a regulatory gray zone, and investors lack many of the protections common in more mature financial markets.
Often overlooked, environmental claims also deserve attention. If enforcement around environmental disclosures and emissions standards weakens, it could create incentives for companies to exaggerate sustainability efforts or underreport risk. These actions often don’t attract immediate scrutiny — but they can lead to significant liability down the line.
Opportunity: The return of the light-touch era?
Recent developments suggest a clear change in tone from federal regulators. Penalties are being moderated in some cases, deferred prosecution agreements seem to have less teeth, and monitoring remedies may be refocused. While enforcement has not disappeared — nor is it likely to — its domestic focus appears to be narrowing. At the same time, there’s greater emphasis on foreign companies and overseas corruption and there are signals that
For today’s financial and compliance leaders — many of whom may not have been in senior roles during prior enforcement waves — this could seem like a reprieve. But it may also create blind spots. When rules seem less urgent or enforcement risk feels more distant, some organizations deprioritize the very controls and practices that help them navigate.
The past reminds us that such lulls can create fertile ground for misconduct, especially if companies start to believe that scrutiny is less likely, or consequences will be delayed.
Here’s a simple equation: Economic Pressure + Relaxed Oversight = Increased Fraud Risk.
At the same time, macroeconomic signals point to uncertainty. If economic headwinds intensify — especially with recessionary concerns, uncertainty around tariffs, extended and disrupted supply chains leading to margin compression — companies may feel increasing pressure to meet or maintain performance expectations. In such a climate, the line between aggressive accounting and earnings manipulation can start to blur and the need to gain market share may lead to bribes, among other malfeasance.
Misconduct in these environments rarely becomes visible right away. It builds quietly over time, often uncovered only years later during internal audits, in the aftermath of bankruptcies when performance was stretched to the breaking point, in the case of restatements, or as a result of a whistleblower. The risk may not be immediately visible — but it is cumulative and real.
The guardrails that remain
That said, several key safeguards are still intact — offering a measure of counterbalance even as federal enforcement evolves:
- International enforcement continues to expand. Regulators abroad are increasingly assertive, particularly in Europe and Asia. U.S.-based companies operating globally are still subject to foreign anti-corruption laws and cross-border cooperation among authorities is increasing.
- Domestically, state attorney generals can fill some of the gaps.
Many AGs have a long history of stepping in — particularly in areas like health care fraud, consumer protection and investor rights. But these offices may lack the scale, budget and investigative horsepower of federal agencies. - Federal action continues in targeted areas. Enforcement efforts remain active in sectors like health care, particularly in cases involving government reimbursement fraud or improper billing practices. These cases suggest that federal oversight has not disappeared — just narrowed in focus.
- Auditing standards are as demanding as ever. Despite other regulatory changes, public company auditors remain under pressure to detect fraud and report weaknesses. Regulatory expectations in this area have not been relaxed, and auditors are increasingly expected to identify red flags in financial statements.
- Private litigation remains a meaningful deterrent. Shareholder lawsuits and class actions continue to hold companies accountable when disclosures fall short or risks are misrepresented. This legal pressure — driven by investors and plaintiffs’ attorneys rather than government — operates independently of political cycles.
- Whistleblowers are still protected and can be highly incentivized. Tipsters have played a key role in uncovering many recent frauds, and protections for whistleblowers remain strong. In a lower-enforcement climate, their role becomes even more important.
Compliance programs: Relevance beyond enforcement
Many organizations have made real strides in strengthening internal compliance programs over the past decade — driven by regulatory pressure, investor expectations and reputational concerns. Even in a less stringent enforcement environment, these investments remain vital.
First, reputational risk and public accountability haven’t faded. In fact, social media and stakeholder activism make it easier than ever for ethical lapses to attract attention — even without government involvement.
Second, mergers and acquisitions continue to present risk. Acquiring entities are often held responsible for inherited compliance failures. Robust internal controls, due diligence and risk assessments are essential for identifying hidden liabilities before they become public problems.
Finally, even in the absence of immediate enforcement, forward-thinking organizations understand that compliance isn’t just about staying out of trouble. It’s about building sustainable operations, maintaining trust with stakeholders, establishing a reputation of integrity and anticipating risk — not reacting to it.
A moment to be proactive
As enforcement priorities shift, the temptation to loosen internal controls or scale back compliance efforts and investments may be tempting. But this moment is not one for complacency. If history is any guide (and it usually is), misconduct that begins under light scrutiny tends to end under a more intense spotlight — often years later.
Strong compliance programs can stop the spread of fraud before it takes hold, building organizational immunity through vigilance, accountability and early detection. This is a time to take stock:
- Are controls over financial reporting keeping pace with business complexity and the evolving new risks created by change in policies, and geopolitical uncertainty identified?
- Are new risks — especially in fast-evolving unregulated sectors — being properly identified, assessed and mitigated?
- Are compliance programs appropriately resourced and empowered to act?
These are the questions worth asking now, before risk has a chance to compound.
The enforcement cycle may be reprioritized, but risk itself hasn’t gone anywhere. Economic pressures, evolving industries and shifting regulatory priorities all create new vulnerabilities. And while some external guardrails remain in place, they are no substitute for proactive, internal risk management.
Those who treat this moment as a time to reinforce — rather than retreat from — strong compliance will be better positioned to navigate whatever comes next. Because while enforcement climates may rise and fall, the consequences of ethical failure are always significant, often lasting — and sometimes, fatal.
Accounting firms are reporting bigger profits and more clients, according to a new report.
The
Some 85% of firms now offer client advisory services, a big spike from 41% in 2023, indicating a strategic shift toward delivering forward-looking financial guidance that clients increasingly expect.
AI adoption is also reshaping the profession, with 80% of firms confident it will positively affect their practice. Currently, the most common use cases for AI include: delivering faster and more responsive client services (33%), enhancing accuracy by reducing bookkeeping and accounting errors (33%), and streamlining workflows through the automation of routine tasks (32%).
“The widespread adoption of AI has been a turning point for the accounting profession, giving accountants an opportunity to scale their impact and take on a more strategic advisory role,” said Ben Richmond, managing director, North America, at Xero, in a statement. “The real value lies not just in working more efficiently, but working smarter, freeing up time to elevate the human element of the profession and in turn, strengthen client relationships.”
Some of the main challenges faced by firms include economic uncertainty (38%), mastering AI (36%) and rising client expectations for strategic advice (35%).
While 85% of firms have embraced cloud platforms, a sizable number still lag behind, missing out on benefits such as easier data access from anywhere (40%) and enhanced security (36%).
Accounting
Private equity is investing in accounting: What does that mean for the future of the business?
Private equity firms have bought
The trend should not come as a surprise. It’s one we’ve seen play out in several industries from
How will this type of consolidation affect the accounting business, and what do firms and their clients need to be on the lookout for as the marketplace evolves?
Assessing the opportunity… and the risk
First and foremost, accounting firm owners need to be aware of just how desirable they are right now. While there has been some buzz in the industry about the growing presence of private equity firms, most of the activity to date has focused on larger, privately held firms. In fact, when we recently asked tax professionals about their exposure to private equity funding in our
Recent private equity deal volume suggests that the holdouts might change their minds when they have a real offer on the table. According to S&P Global, private equity and venture capital-backed deal value in the accounting, auditing and taxation services sector reached more than
Focus on tech and efficiencies of scale
The reason this trend is so important to everyone in the industry right now is that the private equity firms entering this space are not trying to become accountants. They are looking for profitable exits. And they will do that by seizing on a critical inflection point in the industry that’s making it possible to scale accounting firms more rapidly than ever before by leveraging technology to deliver a much wider range of services at a much lower cost. So, whether your firm is interested in partnering with private equity or dead set on going it alone, the hyperscaling that’s happening throughout the industry will affect you one way or another.
Private equity thrives in fragmented businesses where the ability to roll up companies with complementary skill sets and specialized services creates an outsized growth opportunity. Andrew Dodson, managing partner at Parthenon Capital, recently commented after his firm took a stake in the tax and advisory firm
Over time, this could reshape the industry’s market dynamics by creating the accounting firm equivalent of the Traveling Wilburys — supergroups capable of delivering a wide range of specialized services that smaller, more narrowly focused firms could never previously deliver. It could also put downward pressure on pricing as these larger, platform-style firms start finding economies of scale to deliver services more cost-effectively.
The technology factor
The great equalizer in all of this is technology. Consistently, when I speak to tax professionals actively working in the market today, their top priorities are increased efficiency, growth and talent. Firms recognize they need to streamline workflows and processes through more effective use of technology, and they are investing heavily in AI, automation and data analytics capabilities to do that. Private equity firms, of course, are also investing in tech as they assemble their tax and accounting dream teams, in many cases raising the bar for the industry.
The question is: Can independent firms leverage technology fast enough to keep up with their deep-pocketed competition?
Many firms believe they can, with some even going so far as to
The House-passed version of President Donald Trump’s massive tax and spending bill would deliver a financial blow to the poorest Americans but be a boon for higher-income households, according to a new
The bottom 10% of households would lose an average of about $1,600 in resources per year, amounting to a 3.9% cut in their income, according to the analysis released Thursday. Those decreases are largely attributable to cuts in the Medicaid health insurance program and food aid through the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
Households in the highest 10% of incomes would see an average $12,000 boost in resources, amounting to a 2.3% increase in their incomes. Those increases are mainly attributable to reductions in taxes owed, according to the report from the nonpartisan CBO.
Households in the middle of the income distribution would see an increase in resources of $500 to $1,000, or between 0.5% and 0.8% of their income.
The projections are based on the version of the tax legislation that House Republicans passed last month, which includes much of Trump’s economic agenda. The bill would extend tax cuts passed under Trump in 2017 otherwise due to expire at the end of the year and create several new tax breaks. It also imposes new changes to the Medicaid and SNAP programs in an effort to cut spending.
Overall, the legislation would add $2.4 trillion to US deficits over the next 10 years, not accounting for dynamic effects, the CBO previously forecast.
The Senate is considering changes to the legislation including efforts by some Republican senators to scale back cuts to Medicaid.
The projected loss of safety-net resources for low-income families come against the backdrop of higher tariffs, which economists have warned would also disproportionately impact lower-income families. While recent inflation data has shown limited impact from the import duties so far, low-income families tend to spend a larger portion of their income on necessities, such as food, so price increases hit them harder.
The House-passed bill requires that able-bodied individuals without dependents document at least 80 hours of “community engagement” a month, including working a job or participating in an educational program to qualify for Medicaid. It also includes increased costs for health care for enrollees, among other provisions.
More older adults also would have to prove they are working to continue to receive SNAP benefits, also known as food stamps. The legislation helps pay for tax cuts by raising the age for which able bodied adults must work to receive benefits to 64, up from 54. Under the current law, some parents with dependent children under age 18 are exempt from work requirements, but the bill lowers the age for the exemption for dependent children to 7 years old.
The legislation also shifts a portion of the cost for federal food aid onto state governments.
CBO previously
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