Accounting
Is time running out for accounting’s 150-hour rule?
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The contentious 150-hour rule — the number of college credit hours required to sit the CPA exam — has been a sticking point in the profession since it became the standard in the 1990s. With an
Median annual salaries for entry-level accountants hover around $65,000, according to 2024
Next to lower wages, many have suggested that the time required to pursue a CPA license has been a major hurdle driving prospective talent into other financial services. As a result, the American Institute of CPAs and the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy have started to guide states through adopting additional licensure pathways.
These efforts have been met with optimism from state CPA societies and accounting students alike, but
Susan Speirs, chief executive of the Utah Association of CPAs, said that while the passage of a CPA licensure bill in the state is a good first step to address the talent shortage across the profession, it’s hardly the last.
“My hope would be that we can start discussing the real issues surrounding our profession such as firm models, salary models, image models, CPE models, PE models and more before the profession implodes on itself,” Speirs said.
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For Calvin Harris, chief executive of the New York Society of CPAs and a CPA who was licensed more than 20 years ago, a return to the former 120-hour standard isn’t as outlandish as it sounds.
“Where we’ve landed here in New York is that while we will continue to offer the pathway of 150 credit hours, we thought it was right to add back the 120-hour pathway,” Harris said. “In many ways it’s new since it hasn’t really been active, at least in New York, for more than two decades. But it’s also a return to a pathway [that previously existed].”
Regarding perspectives that lowering the credit hour threshold would yield less skilled accounts, Harris said that the total six years spent pursuing the accreditation has not and would not change. What would change is a contentious fifth year in school that could be a financial make-or-break for some students.
“We’re talking about socioeconomic barriers,” Harris said. “From a diverse profession perspective, we also see where that fifth year burdens underrepresented groups on a higher level.”
Leaders with the state CPA societies of Iowa and California have similar sentiments regarding the “extra” 30 hours spent towards a CPA license, and how the financial burden of those hours takes a different toll on underrepresented groups.
California’s
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States that have successfully
Dive into more coverage of the topic and the broader implications of the 150-hour rule below.
AICPA, NASBA mull alternative pathways to CPA licensure
In February, the American Institute of CPAs and the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy introduced proposed changes to the Uniform Accountancy Act model legislation that would provide states with codified language for drafting CPA licensure-focused bills.
Both organizations called upon the joint UAA committee to draft templated law language that involves a bachelor’s degree plus two years of experience as a state-determined pathway to licensure that incorporates a broad role for experience and individual-based practice privilege that incorporates a CPA’s ability to practice across state lines.
“The accounting profession has seen a remarkable convergence in recent weeks of stakeholders around flexibility that creates greater access for those who are interested in pursuing a career in accounting,” Susan Coffey, CEO of public accounting at the Association of International Certified Professional Accountants, told Accounting Today.
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Could alternatives to the 150-hour rule create new talent pipelines?
For more than 20 years, the 150-credit hour rule for becoming a CPA has been the standard across the profession. But as a dwindling number of college students elect to major in accounting, combined with stagnating wages and the cost of higher education, that stands to change over the coming years.
Data gathered in a 2023 Center for Audit Quality study found that more than half of nonaccounting majors pegged higher starting salaries as the deciding factor for not studying accounting.
“If you just took [the Consumer Price Index] and applied it to the starting salary back in 1982, you’re very close to the starting salary of what the fifth-year students were a year ago, so the profession really hasn’t caught up,” Edward Wilkins, an accounting professor and former audit partner at a Big Four firm, told AT. “Did they ever really get credit for that fifth year if it was just a CPI adjustment?”
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Ohio, Virginia among host of states pushing past 150-hour rule
While
Utah Gov. Spencer Cox signed
States with bills in progress include Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota and others, many of which have the backing of their state CPA societies.
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Iowa successfully adds new paths for CPA licensure
State legislators in Iowa, with the support of the Iowa Society of CPAs, have passed a bill that would create new alternatives for obtaining CPA licensure within the region.
Any changes stemming from the bill would go into effect on July 1, 2026, upon Gov. Reynolds signing it into law.
“This legislation reflects a forward-thinking approach to licensure that preserves the integrity of the CPA while opening the door to more aspiring professionals,” ISCPA interim CEO Ardis Kelley said in a statement. “At a time when the profession is experiencing a decline of new licensees and increase in retirements, this is a much-needed step to attract new talent.”
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Nick Fox – stock.adobe.com
Georgia CPA advocates successfully pass bill for CPA licensure
Among a host of states working to overhaul the traditional pathways to becoming a CPA, Georgia is one that has seen recent success.
Also included are provisions for allowing out-of-state CPAs to practice in Georgia. The bill awaits signing by Gov. Brian Kemp.
“The new pathways to CPA licensure and expanded practice privilege mobility are essential steps toward addressing the growing demand for skilled accounting professionals,” GSCPA CEO Boyd Search said in a statement.
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CliftonLarsonAllen LLP, a Top 10 Firm, has added Dembo Jones CPAs and Advisors, a firm with offices in North Bethesda and Columbia, Maryland, expanding CLA’s presence in the U.S. Capital region, effective May 1.
Financial terms of the deal were not disclosed, but CLA earned over $2 billion in revenue in 2024, while Dembo Jones earned $24 million. CLA has nearly 9,000 people and more than 130 U.S. locations, while Dembo Jones has over 80 team members and two locations. CLA ranked No. 10 on Accounting Today‘s 2025 list of the
The deal is part of CLA’s plan to grow by $1 billion through the addition of new partner firms over the next five years.
“This is such a great time for us to embrace Dembo Jones into the CLA family,” said CLA chief development officer Scott Engelbrecht in a statement. “At CLA, we understand that independence is key to innovation and growth. Our unique partnership model allows firms to retain local identity while accessing our global resources and our exceptional professionals across the country. This approach ensures that the firms that join us can continue to thrive in their markets while benefiting from the strength of a larger firm. Our friends at Dembo Jones talk about how their clients get all of Dembo Jones when they are working together. That is exactly how CLA operates, bringing all of CLA to our clients.”
Dembo Jones has offered accounting, auditing, tax, and consulting services to businesses, government agencies, organizations and individuals for over 70 years.
“Joining CLA presents an incredible opportunity for both our team at Dembo Jones and the numerous clients who depend on our specialized services,” said Dembo Jones managing partner Brent Croghan in a statement. “Our shared values and mutual dedication to serving individuals, businesses, government entities and nonprofit organizations make this partnership a natural fit. With access to CLA’s extensive national footprint, we are now better equipped to provide enhanced resources to our clients.”
Last year, CLA added
In 2023, CLA acquired
Rehmann, a Top 50 Firm based in Troy, Michigan, has added Martinet Recchia, a family-owned CPA firm in the Cleveland suburb of Willoughby, expanding Rehmann’s presence in Ohio, complementing its existing office in Toledo.
Martinet Recchia dates back to 1955 when it was founded by Thomas and Richard Martinet. Richard’s son Keith Martinet remains a shareholder today, while managing shareholder Joseph Recchia joined the firm in 1998. All of Martinet Recchia’s shareholders intend to stay with the firm, along with the entire staff, and the firm will continue to operate in its current location under the Rehmann name.
Financial terms of the deal were not disclosed. Rehmann ranked No. 38 on Accounting Today‘s 2025 list of the
“We’re thrilled about this mutually beneficial business combination and what it means for our clients and their organizations,” said Rehmann CEO Stacie Kwaiser in a statement Thursday. “Both firms share similar cultural values and philosophies related to client service, striving to be good community partners, and supporting the areas in which our associates live and work. The added expertise and capacity on both sides will allow us to continue maximizing client potential in Ohio and beyond.”
Martinet Recchia offers various tax and business consulting services to the construction, manufacturing and distribution, restaurant & hospitality, and professional services industries.
“Like Rehmann, we put people first,” Martinet stated. “As a small local firm, we pride ourselves on meeting regularly with our clients in person, which has inspired their loyalty over the firm’s 70 years. Similarly, we’ve always taken care to prioritize work/life balance for our staff, and it’s their commitment—in addition to our great clients—that has made us successful. We’re excited about this new chapter, and I think if my father saw where the firm was now, he would be very proud.”
“Combining with Rehmann offers more professional development opportunities for our associates who want to advance in their careers,” Recchia added. “We’re always looking for ways to better serve our clients, and this combination gives us increased capacity and broader services in a competitive market. It will still be our associates on the end of the phone offering the same quality service, but now we’re one team serving clients in the Cleveland area.”
Last year, Rehmann expanded in its home state of Michigan by adding
Key House Republicans on Thursday discussed ways to direct an expanded state and local tax deduction to those making less than $400,000 as they seek to balance the cost of the tax break with the political needs of several lawmakers from New York and other high-tax states.
The $10,000 cap on SALT, one of the most contentious issues in the GOP debate on its giant tax bill, remained unresolved as lawmakers left Washington Thursday.
Republicans on the House tax panel discussed a series of options to direct the deduction to middle-class households, New York Representative Nicole Malliotakis told reporters. Committee members delved into options, including the overall cap level, how many years to extend it and if there should be income limits for who can claim the write-off, she said.
“It needs to be adjusted in a reasonable manner where it is targeted to the middle class,” she said, adding that the Ways and Means Committee would reconvene on the issue next week. Malliotakis represents Staten Island.
Targeting middle-class taxpayers could be accomplished through an income limit or through the size of the cap itself, which would limit the benefits going toward those with the highest property and income tax bills.
Such a SALT change could cost about $25 billion per year, Malliotakis said, but that depends on the size and duration of the cap adjustment. She said she opposes any changes to the alternative minimum tax, which could hit middle-class taxpayers.
Thursday’s discussion followed a Wednesday meeting between pro-SALT members and House Speaker Mike Johnson and Ways and Means Committee Chairman Jason Smith. Members left the meeting saying the two factions didn’t reach a deal.
An income limit would curb benefits for residents in some of the most expensive areas of the country — near New York City and Southern California — that are most concerned about the SALT deduction.
“I have made clear in no uncertain terms that I won’t support an income limit,” Representative Mike Lawler, who represents a suburban district just north of New York City, said in an interview Thursday, adding that he’s waiting to see a concrete SALT proposal from the Ways and Means Committee.
How to expand SALT — which was limited in President Donald Trump’s first-term tax bill — is among the most politically divisive issues facing Congress as lawmakers negotiate the contours of tax and spending legislation that they’re billing as their signature legislative priority for the year.
Trump met with Johnson and other key Republicans at the White House on Thursday to discuss the overall tax package, which forms the basis of the president’s legislative agenda.
“The final details are coming together, and they’re coming together rapidly, and I think we’re right on schedule,” Trump said.
The plan will renew Trump’s 2017 cuts, but Republicans face a series of tough choices as they debate which new levy reductions to include and whether to cut popular benefit programs, including Medicaid.
The deduction is an important issue to a small, but vocal, faction of House Republicans representing high-tax areas. A narrow GOP majority means that the pro-SALT members can block the bill if they view the tax changes as too meager for their constituents.
“I just don’t support that policy, but there’s gonna be 1,000 choices in this package,” Representative Chip Roy, a hardline conservative member from Texas, said. “But then again, you got to figure out how to get a deal done. So if the math adds up and we’re doing enough on the spending restraint side, and the tax policy works out, and SALT goes up a little, whatever.”
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