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How to avoid being a victim of post-storm scams

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A van flows in floodwaters in the aftermath of Hurricane Helene on Sept. 28 in Asheville, North Carolina.

Sean Rayford | Getty Images News | Getty Images

States affected by Hurricane Helene are warning residents to watch for the risks of scams in the aftermath of the storm, including price gouging.

Price gouging happens when there is an excessive increase in prices charged for goods and services, and it often happens during emergencies or disasters.

North Carolina Attorney General Josh Stein this week said his office has seen an uptick of complaints of alleged price gouging related to fuel and grocery prices and hotel rates.

In a Wednesday update, Stein said his office had fielded more than 100 price gouging complaints, he posted on social media platform X on Wednesday, despite the state’s anti-price gouging law that went into effect with the declaration of a state of emergency.

A spokesperson did not return a call from CNBC for further comment.

“Most stores are bending over backwards to serve their communities,” Stein said in a video accompanying the post.

“But unfortunately, there’s always going to be a few folks out there who take advantage of this moment and people’s desperation to make a quick buck,” he said.

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Attorneys general in other states affected by the storm — including Florida, Georgia, South Carolina and Tennessee — have issued similar warnings.  They are among the 37 states that have anti-price gouging statutes in place.

Normal price fluctuations are not price gouging, South Carolina Attorney General Alan Wilson said in a recent announcement.

But when necessities like a case of bottled water go from $5 to $10, or a chainsaw that normally sells for $100 jumps to $500, it’s “pretty obviously” price gouging, said Teresa Murray, consumer watchdog director at U.S. Public Interest Research Group.

“You know it when you see it,” Murray said.

Price gouging laws tend to kick in during states of disaster or emergency or during abnormal market disruptions, she said.

“Just because there’s a law doesn’t mean that people won’t try and violate it,” Murray said.

The terms of established price gouging protections vary from state to state. Meanwhile, 13 states do not have anti-price gouging laws.

Kamala Harris' price gouging proposal isn't about price controls: Former economic advisor Mike Pyle

Vice president Kamala Harris is pushing for Congress to establish a national ban on price gouging with her presidential campaign’s economic agenda.

Yet critics — including former President Donald Trump — have said anti-price gouging laws could have unintended consequences for businesses and the consumers they are intended to help, such as interfering with the supply of goods.

How to watch for price gouging, other scams

Consumers who spot higher than normal prices they suspect is price gouging should first approach the business with their concerns, according to Murray.

“Be nice about it, but call them out,” Murray said.

If they are unwilling to change, you may report it to the state attorney general, she said.

Keep in mind you do not necessarily have to buy the item; a picture of the item on the shelf with the price will work, Murray said.

Price gouging is not the only scam consumers need to watch for in the aftermath of Hurricane Helene.

States are also warning of other schemes that tend to crop up during disaster recoveries.

Former FEMA administrator on Helene recovery efforts: Money is your best way to help right now

Individuals may pose as representatives of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, as well as insurance companies, the Small Business Association or law enforcement.

To avoid those imposter scams, the Georgia Attorney General Chris Carr’s office warns not to share personal or financial information to individuals. Because FEMA and SBA services are free, consumers should be on alert if they’re asked to pay.

Likewise, residents of affected areas should also be wary of door-to-door offers for home repair work, as well as demands for full up-front or cash payments and offers to pay their insurance deductibles.

To avoid getting scammed, homeowners should talk to their insurance companies before making repairs and check out contractors by asking for references and looking to see if they have any complaints with the Better Business Bureau.

People who are in the market to buy a car should also be sure to check a vehicle’s history and where it came from before they make the purchase, to be sure they are not buying flood-damaged property, Murray explained.

Consumers can check a car’s history through the National Insurance Crime Bureau’s VINCheck as well as Carfax’s flood check.

Meanwhile, as people look to donate money to help the recovery, state attorneys general are also warning of the risk of charity scams.

To avoid sending money to the wrong place, donors can verify a charity by visiting websites Give.org or CharityNavigator.org. Also watch for websites that do not end in “.org” or “.com,” petitions for money over the phone and crowdfunding sites that may host unverified funding campaigns.

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Social Security plans to cut about 7,000 workers. That may affect benefits

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The Social Security Administration office in Brownsville, Texas.

Robert Daemmrich Photography Inc | Corbis Historical | Getty Images

The Social Security Administration plans to shed 7,000 employees as the Trump administration looks for ways to cut federal spending.

The agency on Friday confirmed the figure — which will bring its total staff down to 50,000 from 57,000.

Previous reports that the Social Security Administration planned for a 50% reduction to its headcount are “false,” the agency said.

Nevertheless, the aim of 7,000 job cuts has prompted concerns about the agency’s ability to continue to provide services, particularly benefit payments, to tens of millions of older Americans when its staff is already at a 50-year low.

“It’s going to extend the amount of time that it takes for them to have their claim processed,” said Greg Senden, a paralegal analyst who has worked at the Social Security Administration for 27 years.

“It’s going to extend the amount of time that they have to wait to get benefits,” said Senden, who also helps the American Federation of Government Employees oversee Social Security employees in six central states.

Officials at the White House and the Social Security Administration were not available for comment at press time.

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The Social Security Administration on Friday said it anticipates “much of” the staff reductions needed to reach its target will come from resignations, retirement and offers for Voluntary Separation Incentive Payments, or VSIP. 

More reductions could come from “reduction-in-force actions that could include abolishment of organizations and positions” or reassignments to other positions, the agency said. Federal agencies must submit their reduction-in-force plans by March 13 to the Office of Personnel Management for approval.

Cuts may affect benefit payments, experts say

Former Social Security Administration Commissioner Martin O’Malley last week told CNBC.com that the continuity of benefit payments could be at risk for the first time in the program’s history.

“Ultimately, you’re going to see the system collapse and an interruption of benefits,” O’Malley said. “I believe you will see that within the next 30 to 90 days.”

Other experts say the changes could affect benefits, though it remains to be seen exactly how.

“It’s unclear to me whether the staff cuts are more likely to result in an interruption of benefits, or an increase in improper payments,” said Charles Blahous, senior research strategist at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University and a former public trustee for Social Security and Medicare.

Improper payments happen when the agency either overpays or underpays benefits due to inaccurate information.

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With fewer staff, the Social Security Administration will have to choose between making sure all claims are processed, which may lead to more improper payments, or avoiding those errors, which could lead to processing delays, Blahous said.

Disability benefits, which require more agency staff attention both to process initial claims and to continue to verify beneficiaries are eligible, may be more susceptible to errors compared to retirement benefits, he added.

Cuts may have minimal impact on trust funds

Under the Trump administration, Social Security also plans to consolidate its geographic footprint to four regions down from 10 regional offices, the agency said on Friday.

Ultimately, it remains to be seen how much savings the overall reforms will generate.

The Social Security Administration’s funding for administrative costs comes out of its trust funds, which are also used to pay benefits. Based on current projections, the trust funds will be depleted in the next decade and Social Security will not be able to pay full benefits at that time, unless Congress acts sooner.

The efforts to cut costs at the Social Security Administration would likely only help the trust fund solvency “in some miniscule way,” said Andrew Biggs, senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and former principal deputy commissioner of the Social Security Administration.

What President Donald Trump is likely looking to do broadly is reset the baseline on government spending and employment, he said.

“I’m not disagreeing with the idea that the agency could be more efficient,” Biggs said. “I just wonder whether you can come up with that by cutting the positions first and figuring out how to have the efficiencies later.”

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Student loan borrowers pursuing PSLF are ‘panicking.’ Here’s what to know

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Students walk through the University of Texas at Austin on February 22, 2024 in Austin, Texas. 

Brandon Bell | Getty Images

As the Trump administration overhauls the student loan system, many borrowers pursuing the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program are worried about its future.

“There’s a lot of panicking by PSLF borrowers due to the uncertainty,” said higher education expert Mark Kantrowitz.

PSLF, which President George W. Bush signed into law in 2007, allows certain not-for-profit and government employees to have their federal student loans canceled after 10 years of payments.

Here’s what borrowers in the program need to know about recent changes affecting the program.

IDR repayment plan applications down

Some borrowers’ PSLF progress has stalled

While the legal challenges against SAVE were playing out, the Biden administration paused the payments for enrollees through a forbearance, as well as the accrual of any interest.

Unlike the payment pause during the pandemic, borrowers in this forbearance aren’t getting credit toward their required 120 payments for loan forgiveness under PSLF. It’s unclear when the forbearance will end.

But while the applications for other IDR plans remain unavailable, borrowers in SAVE are stuck on their timeline toward loan forgiveness, Kantrowitz said. If you were on an IDR plan other than SAVE, you will continue to get credit during this period if you’re making payments and working in eligible employment.

The Education Department is now tweaking the applications to make sure all their repayment plans comply with the new court order, an agency spokesperson told CNBC last week.

It will likely be months before the Department has reworked all the applications and made them available again, Kantrowitz said.

Those who switch to the Standard plan will continue to get PSLF credit, but the payments are often too high for those working in the public sector or for a nonprofit to afford, experts said.

‘Buy back’ opportunity can help

While it’s frustrating not to be inching toward loan forgiveness for the time being, an option down the road may help, said Betsy Mayotte, president of The Institute of Student Loan Advisors, a nonprofit.

The Education Department’s Buyback opportunity lets people pay for certain months that didn’t count, if doing so brings them up to 120 qualifying payments.

For example, time spent in forbearances or deferments that suspended your progress can essentially be cashed in for qualifying payments.

The extra payment must total at least as much as what you have paid monthly under an IDR plan, according to Studentaid.gov.

Borrowers who’ve now been pursuing PSLF for 10 years or more should put in their buyback request sooner than later, Kantrowitz said.

“The benefit is likely to be eliminated by the Trump administration,” he said.

Keep records

Borrowers have already long complained of inaccurate payment counts under the PSLF program. While the student loan repayment options are tweaked, people could see more errors, Kantrowitz said.

“A borrower’s payment history and other student loan details are more likely to get corrupted during a transition,” he said.

As a result, he said, those pursuing PSLF should print out a copy of their payment history on StudentAid.gov.

“It would also be a good idea to create a spreadsheet showing all of the qualifying payments so they have their own count,” Kantrowitz said.

With the PSLF help tool, borrowers can search for a list of qualifying employers and access the employer certification form. Try to fill out this form at least once a year, Kantrowitz added.

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Treasury Department halts enforcement of BOI reporting for businesses

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The US Treasury building in Washington, DC, US, on Monday, Jan. 27, 2025. 

Stefani Reynolds | Bloomberg | Getty Images

The U.S. Department of the Treasury on Sunday announced it won’t enforce the penalties or fines associated with the Biden-era “beneficial ownership information,” or BOI, reporting requirements for millions of domestic businesses. 

Enacted via the Corporate Transparency Act in 2021 to fight illicit finance and shell company formation, BOI reporting requires small businesses to identify who directly or indirectly owns or controls the company to the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, known as FinCEN.

After previous court delays, the Treasury in late February set a March 21 deadline to comply or risk civil penalties of up to $591 a day, adjusted for inflation, or criminal fines of up to $10,000 and up to two years in prison. The reporting requirements could apply to roughly 32.6 million businesses, according to federal estimates.     

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The rule was enacted to “make it harder for bad actors to hide or benefit from their ill-gotten gains through shell companies or other opaque ownership structures,” according to FinCEN.

In addition to not enforcing BOI penalties and fines, the Treasury said it would issue a proposed regulation to apply the rule to foreign reporting companies only. 

President Donald Trump praised the news in a Truth Social post on Sunday night, describing the reporting rule as “outrageous and invasive” and “an absolute disaster” for small businesses.

Other experts say the Treasury’s decision could have ramifications for national security.

“This decision threatens to make the United States a magnet for foreign criminals, from drug cartels to fraudsters to terrorist organizations,” Scott Greytak, director of advocacy for anticorruption organization Transparency International U.S., said in a statement.

Greg Iacurci contributed to this reporting.

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