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Selling out during the market’s worst days can hurt you: research

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U.S. stocks saw wild market swings on Monday as the tariff sell-off continued.

For some investors, it may be tempting to head for the exits rather than ride those ups and downs.

Yet investors who sell risk missing out on the upside.

“When there’s a bad sell-off, that bad sell-off is typically followed by a strong bounce back,” said Jack Manley, global market strategist at JPMorgan Asset Management.

“Given the nature of this sell-off, that likelihood for that bounce back, whenever it occurs, to be pretty concentrated and pretty powerful is that much higher,” Manley said.

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The market’s best days tend to closely follow the worst days, according to JPMorgan Asset Management’s research.

In all, seven of the market’s 10 best days occurred within two weeks of the 10 worst days, according to JPMorgan’s data spanning the past 20 years. For example, in 2020, markets saw their second-worst day of the year on March 12 at the onset of the Covid pandemic. The next day, the markets saw their second-best day of the year.

The cost of missing the market’s best days

Investors who stay the course fare much better over time, according to the JPMorgan research.

Take a $10,000 investment in the S&P 500 index.

If an investor put that sum in on Jan. 3, 2005, and left that money untouched until Dec. 31, 2024, they would have amassed $71,750, for a 10.4% annualized return over that time.

Yet if that same investor had sold their holdings — and therefore missed the market’s best days — they would have accumulated much less.

For the investor who put $10,000 in the S&P 500 in 2005, missing the 10 best market days would bring their portfolio value down from $71,750 had they stayed invested through the end of 2024 to $32,871, for a 6.1% return.

The more that investor moved in and out of the market, the more potential upside they would have lost. If they missed the market’s best 60 days between 2005 and 2025, their return would be -3.7% and their balance would be just $4,712 — a sum well below the $10,000 originally invested.

How investors can adjust their perspective

Yet while investors who stay the course stand to reap the biggest rewards, we’re wired to do the opposite, according to behavioral finance.

Big market drops can put investors in fight or flight mode, and selling out of the market can feel like running toward safety.

It helps for investors to adjust their perspective, according to Manley.

It wasn’t long ago that the S&P 500 was climbing to new all-time highs, reaching a new 5,000 milestone in February 2024, and then climbing to 6,000 for the first time in November 2024.

At some point, the index will again reach new all-time records.

Managing your money through volatility

However, investors tend to expect tomorrow to be worse than today, Manley said.

It would help for them to adjust their perspective, he said.  

In 150 years of stock market history, there have been wars, natural disasters, acts of terror, financial crises, a global pandemic and more. Yet the market has always eventually recovered and climbed to new all-time highs.

“If that becomes what you’re looking at, kind of the light at the end of the tunnel, then it becomes a lot easier to stomach the day in, day out volatility,” Manley said.

Advisor: Ask yourself this one key question

When markets hit bottom at the onset of the Covid pandemic, Barry Glassman, a certified financial planner and the founder and president of Glassman Wealth Services, said he asked clients who wanted to cash out one question: “Two years from now, do you think the market is going to be higher than it is today?”

Universally, most said yes. Based on that answer, Glassman advised the clients to do nothing.

Today, the markets have not fallen as far as that Covid market drop. But the question on the two-year outlook — and the resulting response to generally stay put — is still relevant now, said Glassman, who is also a member of the CNBC FA Council.

It’s also important to consider the purpose for the money, he said. If a client in their 50s has money in retirement accounts, those are long-term dollars that over the next 10 to 15 years will likely outperform in stocks compared to other investment choices, he said.

For investors who want to reduce risk, it can make sense, he said. But that doesn’t mean cashing out completely.

“You don’t need to go to 0% stocks,” Glassman said. “That’s just not prudent.”

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Personal Finance

Maximizing Returns in High Rate Climate and market uncertainty

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Maximizing Returns in High-Rate Climate

In the macroeconomic environment of late July 2026, personal cash management requires an active, structured approach to wealth preservation. With central bank benchmark rates remaining elevated to ensure long-term disinflation, conservative yield-bearing vehicles—such as short-term U.S. Treasury bills, money market funds, and high-yield savings accounts (HYSAs)—continue to offer reliable nominal returns between 4% and 5%. For individual investors, maximizing net returns requires moving beyond passive checking accounts and executing a disciplined cash laddering strategy.

Leaving substantial liquid capital in traditional bank deposits creates an invisible drag on personal net worth due to ongoing inflation. By implementing a tiered liquidity framework, individuals can split emergency cash reserves and short-term capital allocations across rolling maturities. Allocating cash into 4-week, 8-week, and 13-week Treasury bills creates a continuous cycle of maturing liquidity, allowing investors to continuously reinvest capital at prevailing market yields while maintaining immediate access to emergency funds.

Tax efficiency represents a critical dimension of high-yield cash optimization. For high-earning individuals residing in states with substantial local income taxes, direct holdings in short-term U.S. Treasury instruments often deliver superior net post-tax yields compared to standard commercial bank HYSAs. Because interest earned on federal Treasury bills is strictly exempt from state and local taxation, investors can retain a larger portion of their compounding interest gains without taking on additional credit or market risk.

Ultimately, personal wealth accumulation in mid-2026 relies on intentional capital deployment. Cash should be managed as a productive asset class that generates consistent, risk-free returns. Regularly auditing account yield terms, automating recurring transfers, and leveraging tax-advantaged fixed-income instruments ensures that personal liquidity remains fully optimized against macroeconomic fluctuations.

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Personal Finance

Algorithmic Wealth Management: Balancing Automated Financial Planning with Human Oversight

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Balancing Automated Financial Planning with Human Oversight

The personal finance industry in July 2026 is experiencing a technological evolution, driven by the wide deployment of next-generation algorithmic wealth management tools. Modern digital financial platforms have expanded far beyond basic automated index investing; today’s robo-advisors utilize real-time tax-loss harvesting, dynamic portfolio rebalancing, and hyper-personalized spending analysis to optimize retail investor outcomes. However, as these digital solutions become ubiquitous, investors face the crucial challenge of balancing automated execution with human strategic judgment.

The core advantage of automated financial planning platforms lies in their ability to remove emotional bias from investment execution. During periods of market volatility or localized sector realignments, automated algorithms systematically rebalance portfolios back to target asset allocations without falling victim to panic selling or speculative enthusiasm. Furthermore, integrated cash-flow monitoring algorithms analyze individual spending patterns in real time, automatically sweeping surplus income into designated retirement or debt-liquidation accounts to accelerate net worth accumulation.

Despite these operational advantages, algorithmic tools have inherent structural limitations when addressing complex, highly personalized financial life events. Decisions involving multi-generational estate planning, highly complex tax strategies, small business exits, or nuanced real estate transactions require contextual human judgment that software models cannot replicate. Relying solely on automated models without periodic human professional review can result in misaligned risk profiles or overlooked tax liabilities during major life transitions.

The optimal approach for personal financial planning in late 2026 is a hybrid advisory model. Individuals should utilize automated platforms for routine asset allocation, continuous tax optimization, and low-cost passive index tracking, while engaging qualified human financial advisors for periodic strategic planning, estate structuring, and qualitative risk evaluations. This dual approach ensures maximum cost efficiency and disciplined execution while retaining essential strategic guidance.

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Personal Finance

High-Yield Optimization: Structuring Personal Cash Reserves in a Sustained Rate Environment

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Structuring Personal Cash Reserves in a Sustained Rate Environment

In the financial environment of mid-2026, personal cash management has re-emerged as a vital component of holistic wealth building. With central bank policy rates holding firm to maintain long-term price stability, yield-bearing instruments such as money market funds, high-yield savings accounts (HYSAs), and short-term Treasury bills continue to offer compounding returns around 4% to 5%. For individual investors, effectively structuring cash reserves requires shifting away from passive bank deposits toward active yield optimization.

A frequent pitfall in personal asset management is leaving substantial liquid capital in traditional checking or low-yield savings accounts, where real returns are continuously eroded by baseline inflation. By implementing a disciplined ‘cash ladder’ strategy—allocating liquid funds across tiered maturities using ultra-short Treasury instruments and FDIC-insured high-yield accounts—individuals can secure maximal yields while retaining immediate liquidity for emergency expenses or tactical investment opportunities.

Simultaneously, investors must evaluate the tax efficiency of their cash holdings based on their tax bracket and geographic location. For high earners situated in states with high local income taxes, direct holdings in short-term U.S. Treasury bills often yield a higher net post-tax return than standard high-yield savings accounts, as Treasury interest is strictly exempt from state and local taxation. Understanding these nuanced tax distinctions allows individuals to capture significant incremental gains without taking on additional market risk.

Ultimately, personal financial health in late 2026 hinges on intentional liquidity management. Cash reserves should not be viewed merely as static emergency funds, but as a dynamic asset class that contributes positively to net worth growth. Regularly auditing yield terms, automating cash transfers, and optimizing for post-tax efficiency ensures that personal capital remains fully productive across all economic conditions.

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