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Accounting

Tax Fraud Blotter: Histories of non-compliance

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The royal treatment; tit for tat; false certifications; and other highlights of recent tax cases.

Belle Vernon, Pennsylvania: Businessowner Andy Ha has pleaded guilty to harboring illegal aliens for financial gain and to failing to pay employment taxes.

From September 2022 to April 2024, Ha owned a temporary staffing agency, Prosperity Services, that provided workers to area companies. Ha paid for more than 25 workers who were not legally authorized to be in the U.S. to stay in a former hotel, and his business paid for vans to transport those workers to and from work.

He also provided Prosperity’s tax preparer with spreadsheets listing only workers who were legally authorized to be and work in the U.S. That information was reflected on the company’s quarterly employment returns, representing less than 10% of the actual total number of workers employed by Prosperity. Ha then also signed those returns, knowing them to be false and causing a tax loss of at least $3.1 million.

Sentencing is July 22. Ha faces up to 15 years in prison and fines totaling up to $500,000 or twice the gain from the offense, or both.

Delray Beach, Florida: Financial professional Stephen T. Mellinger III has pleaded guilty to orchestrating a nearly decade-long scheme to promote an illegal tax shelter and commit wire fraud. He also pleaded guilty to assisting in the preparation of false returns for tax shelter clients.

Mellinger was a financial advisor, insurance salesman and securities broker operating in Florida, Michigan, Mississippi and other locations. Beginning in late 2013, he conspired to promote a tax shelter whereby clients would claim false tax deductions for “royalty payments” to reduce their taxes.

As Mellinger knew, the payments were merely a circular flow of money to give the appearance of business expenses. Typically, a client would send money to bank accounts controlled by Mellinger and other conspirators, who then sent the money, minus a fee, to a different account that the client controlled.

Mellinger and a co-conspirator, a relative, collectively earned some $3 million in fees from the scheme. In total, he and his co-conspirators helped clients prepare returns that claimed more than $106 million in false deductions, which caused a tax loss to the IRS of some $37 million. 

In January 2016, Mellinger learned that several of his clients were being investigated and that the federal government had started seizing their funds. Mellinger and a relative subsequently stole more than $2.1 million of funds from some of those clients.

Sentencing is Sept. 16. Mellinger faces up to five years in prison for conspiring to defraud the IRS and commit wire fraud, and three years for aiding in the preparation of false returns. 

Los Angeles: Tattoo artist Daniel Joseph Winter, once called “Hollywood’s Go-To Tattoo Artist” in the media, has pleaded guilty to filing false returns through which he evaded more than $641,000 in federal income tax.

Winter, who pleaded guilty to one count of subscription to a false return, operated his tattoo business in the Los Angeles area, New York and Vancouver, Canada, specializing in single-needle, fine-line tattoos and catering to high-end clients. He accepted payment almost exclusively in cash and earned at least $1.7 million from his business from 2021 to 2023. He declared no wages, salaries or tip income on federal returns, reducing his taxes by more than $641,000.

At his hearing, Winter presented a cashier’s check for $641,959 to pay the taxes he owed due to the underreporting. He also admitted that he knew he was required to report all his income. 

Sentencing is Aug. 11, when Winter will face a maximum of three years in prison.

Hands-in-jail-Blotter

Shelbyville, Tennessee: Daycare operator Rebekah Proctor has pleaded guilty to one count of willful failure to collect, account for and pay over a tax and to one count of wire fraud.

Proctor operated Franklin Springs Academy, and though she withheld income taxes and FICA from employees’ paychecks and owed the employer’s portion of the taxes, she failed to account for and pay the taxes to the IRS for the first quarter of 2022.

She also fraudulently applied for and received an undeserved Paycheck Protection Program loan. She made several false certifications on her April 2020 application for more $100,000 in PPP funds, including that she was current on her federal tax obligations and that the loan funds would be used to retain workers and for other business expenses. Proctor used the funds for personal expenses.

She agreed that the restitution owed to the IRS for her employment taxes alone is $893,232.26, which includes unpaid taxes plus penalties and interest. She further agreed that restitution owed to the SBA is $223,800, comprised of two sets of PPP money.

Sentencing is July 11. She faces up to five years in prison on the tax offense and up to 30 years for wire fraud.

Charlotte, North Carolina: Two businessmen have been sentenced for failing to account for and pay over to the IRS more than $150,000 in trust fund taxes over five quarters in 2016 and 2017.

Richard Brasser and Gregory Gentner were each sentenced to a year and a day in prison to be followed by a year of supervised release.

Their company, rFactr, sold software that leveraged social media for sales platforms; Brasser was CEO and Gentner the COO. From 2015 through 2017, they caused rFactr to collect more than $600,000 in trust fund taxes from the wages of employees but did not account for the taxes by filing 941s and did not pay over the withheld taxes to the IRS. Brasser and Gentner also had a history of non-compliance with rFactr’s employment tax obligations from 2013 to  2017.

In total, between 2015 and 2017 the two caused rFactr to owe more than $1.1 million in employment taxes.

Red Bank, New Jersey: Business owner Francis Esposito has admitted to filing a false return and causing more than $200,000 in tax losses for 2018.

Esposito was the sole or majority owner of numerous entities. For tax years 2015 through 2018, he derived certain income through these entities that he failed to report on his 1040. For those years, he had almost $3 million in unreported income, resulting in a total tax loss of some $1,149,372.

The charge of filing a false return carries a maximum three years in prison and a maximum fine of $250,000 or twice the gain or loss from the offense.

New Bedford, Massachusetts: Valentina Martinez, 50, who previously worked for a national tax prep service, has been sentenced to a year of supervised release under home confinement for stealing federal funds by filing false returns to obtain fraudulent federal refunds.

After preparing returns for clients and providing them copies of their returns, Martinez added fraudulent claims for business deductions without clients’ knowledge and e-filed the false returns.

She caused the refunds to be deposited onto debit cards that she used to make ATM withdrawals, including paying for a Florida vacation and other personal purchases. Her scheme was discovered and her employment terminated when a taxpayer client complained to the tax prep service about a missing refund. By then, she had filed at least 12 false returns.

Martinez, who pleaded guilty in December, was also ordered to pay $41,823 in restitution to the IRS. 

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Accounting

The ROI of automation: Quantify your time to measure value

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Right now, every conversation about technology seems to revolve around artificial intelligence. However, AI is a broad category — it includes machine learning, robotic process automation, and workflow automation tools, all of which promise efficiency gains for accounting firms.

Despite this, many firm leaders struggle to quantify the value of these technologies. How do you determine whether AI, automation, or any emerging tool is worth the investment? The answer isn’t as complicated as it seems.

It’s less about the technology itself and more about how we value our time. If you understand the value of time within your firm, you can easily assess whether automation delivers a meaningful return on investment.

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At Boomer Consulting, we gather and analyze key financial and operational metrics from our member firms, which include many of the Top 50 and Top 100 Firms from around the country. One of the most critical data points? The value of time.

On average, time in most firms is worth about $242 per hour per professional. That means 10 minutes is worth roughly $40, and one hour saved per week translates to $12,584 per year per person.

This is the simplest way to measure ROI for automation tools. If a solution saves even a few minutes per day per person, the financial return is undeniable.

An ROI example

Let’s look at a pretty typical example. Microsoft CoPilot is an AI-powered assistant for Office 365 applications. Its price tag is around $30 per user per month ($360 per year). That may seem like just another software expense. But let’s quantify the value.

As anyone who’s played around with CoPilot can attest, time savings are not hard to achieve. Its efficiency gains come from small but meaningful enhancements in everyday workflows. For example, it can auto-generate and suggest improvements to text in Word. It analyzes data, creates PivotTables and identifies trends in Excel spreadsheets. In Outlook, CoPilot can draft emails, summarize threads, and extract unanswered questions. It creates slides from Word docs and Excel data for your PowerPoint presentations and adjusts formatting. 

How much could you save each day with that kind of help? One hour? Two or three hours?

If CoPilot saves each person in your firm just 10 minutes per day:

  • The daily savings per person is $40 (10 minutes at $240/hour)
  • The annual savings per person equal $10,400 ($40 x 260 workdays).
  • For a 150-person firm, that adds up to $1.56 million in potential savings.
  • Less the cost of licenses ($54,000), the net benefit is $1.5 million.

In other words, CoPilot breaks even if it saves just 10 minutes per month. That’s an incredibly low threshold for such a high return.

Applying this mindset to other automation investments

The same analysis applies across audit, tax, and advisory functions.

For example, say you’re evaluating an AI-powered audit tool that costs $50,000 annually and reduces audit time by 10%. If your firm performs 50 audits per year and each audit consumes 200 hours, that’s 1,000 hours saved annually.

At $242 per hour, those 1,000 saved hours are worth $242,000. That’s a profitable investment.

The key to evaluating any automation investment is asking two questions:

  1. How much time does it save?
  2. How will we reinvest that time into higher-value activities?

If automation allows your team to shift from compliance work to higher-margin advisory services, the ROI extends beyond just cost savings — it directly fuels firm growth.

The biggest risk is not automating at all

Some firm leaders hesitate to invest in AI and automation because it feels expensive upfront. But the real risk isn’t overspending; it’s failing to capitalize on time savings.

Firms that optimize efficiency through automation can increase capacity without increasing headcount, free up time for more strategic, revenue-generating work, reduce burnout and improve employee retention.

Your competitors are exploring how they can leverage AI and automation in their firms. Firms that don’t automate will struggle to remain profitable. The ROI of automation isn’t theoretical — it’s measurable, significant and essential for long-term success.

So the only question is, what’s stopping you?

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Accounting

Art of Accounting: The end of this year’s tax season

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My original headline was “The end of tax season,” but that is not so. It is the end of this year’s tax season.

If you were designing a CPA practice from scratch, what would you do about tax season? Would you keep it as it is for you, or would you make some changes or possibly eliminate it? It is doubtful you would eliminate it. It is an essential part of what we do and generates substantial revenue and connections with clients and provides growth opportunities for staff. For those looking to grow their practice, it gives them an inside look at their client’s personal, financial and investment affairs.

I’ve always liked tax season for all those reasons. When I was employed as a staff accountant I had no control over my added hours and did what I was supposed to do. But it was a lot less burdensome than it is today. My overtime was three hours for each of two nights a week and five hours on the weekend and this started the second week of January. A downside was that there was no tax work in January and I spent my time with “busy” projects. When I had my own practice (with partners), tax season never started earlier than the first week in February with a weekend day from 9:30 to 5:00. The nights started when the work was there to be done — usually not until the middle of February. 

We also gave staff a floating weekend day in February and the weekend after March 15; and we paid for every extra hour worked on the next paycheck. We never gave a bonus but gave a nice cash gift to everyone on April 15 before we “closed” the office. We stayed closed for the next day too. Tax season was a nice time of year, and I do not remember many complaints. We needed our staff to work as hard as they could but deliberately enough so they would avoid errors. Errors were the bane of our existence and were to be avoided at all costs. We did good with tax season!

Getting back to you, what would you do to make tax season enjoyable for you and your staff to experience the benefits from it? What changes would you make? Do you have the resolve to carry those changes through for the entire tax season? We did! We did these things, not because we liked to, but because we had to. We were running a business. That business happened to be a CPA practice, and one of our service lines was preparing individual tax returns. 

We understood that if we were to grow, we would need staff to do much of our work. We also understood that what they did needed to be done the way we wanted them to do it. We set up processes, procedures and checklists for everything the staff would do. They were told they had to follow them. Our model was the McDonalds restaurants where it worked because everyone followed the processes, procedures and checklists. We wanted to replicate that McDonalds mentality and worked hard at it, training our staff to work the way we wanted them to.  

Not following a process, procedure or checklist was a big deal; a violation of the terms of their employment, and we held them to it. Another thing that was a must was they needed to check their work before they handed it upward for review. We showed them how to check their work and expected them to check it. If they didn’t, they violated the terms of their employment. 

I calculated that correcting errors on tax returns added a day’s work every week. Eliminating errors reduced their work seven or eight hours a week. That was time they had for themselves, since they needed to only work the hours necessary to handle their work assignments. No one was penalized if they went home early or worked less than some others. Some staff members worked quicker than others and some slower, but no one worked extra because they had to stay to correct their errors. Some did, and if it became a regular habit, they were no longer permitted to work for our great firm. We did not believe it made sense to carry nonperformers just to have a “body” looking like they were doing work.

It was fortunate that all our partners bought into our methods. Perhaps not happily when a new procedure was established, but as the results came in, they became believers. To be frank, not every manager did, and they were soon taken off our payroll.

I certainly do not know how most firms operate, but I know how a lot of firms do. The successful ones have procedures and make sure they are followed. There are a lot of other reasons that contribute to success, but this is a big giant step toward having a successful tax season.

I opened this column asking how you would design a successful tax season. You should work on that, and having everyone follow your processes, procedures and checklists is a fine way to start.

Do not hesitate to contact me at [email protected] with your practice management questions or about engagements you might not be able to perform.

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Accounting

There’s no such thing as an AI-first accounting firm … yet

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We’re in the middle of a professional identity shift. Artificial intelligence is here. It’s integrated into tools we already use, embedded in platforms we rely on, and is rapidly evolving. From data extraction to client communication, AI is transforming accounting workflows across tax, audit, client accounting and practice management. And yet, despite all this movement, no firm is truly AI-first today.

Yes, we’re seeing widespread experimentation. Some firms are offloading routine work to intelligent automation. Others are scaling without hiring or delivering new kinds of advisory services fueled by AI-generated insights. But even with these advancements, the way we staff, price and deliver value hasn’t caught up to the capabilities in our toolkits.

However, we are getting a clearer picture of what an AI-first firm could look like along with the changes it will drive across every function. 

Generative AI

To start, AI adoption is most visible in client accounting. Machine learning now powers bank feed reconciliation, auto-categorizes transactions and flags anomalies. In tools already used by most small firms, AI is reducing data entry and improving accuracy. Some systems do 80-90% of the work, with a human review layer to ensure quality.

AI-native platforms are pushing this even further. One firm grew its client base by 25% and saved over 800 hours annually on bookkeeping using an AI-enhanced service. And that’s with no increase in staffing. That’s not incremental efficiency; that’s a new delivery model.

But the bigger shift? When bookkeeping becomes AI-powered, accountants move from data entry to data interpretation. The value isn’t in the keystrokes, it’s in the insight. That’s a mindset change we’re still catching up to.

Audit moves from sampling to 100% risk scoring

In audit, AI is enabling a leap forward in assurance. There are tools that can analyze 100% of a client’s general ledger, risk-score every transaction and guide auditors directly to anomalies.

A Top 100 Firm reported a 66% reduction in audit sample sizes using AI, resulting in weeks of saved effort. And another top firm adopted AI audit tools across their practice, both to improve quality and to attract talent. Their younger auditors aren’t stuck in spreadsheets. They’re analyzing real insights and developing professional judgment from Day One​.

An AI-first audit team is leaner, more analytical and able to deliver higher assurance with fewer staff hours. It elevates the auditor’s role into something more strategic.

It also changes the client experience since the audit is less intrusive, more insightful and has a faster turnaround.

Tax becomes proactive and always-on

Tax is evolving, too. AI-powered tools now scan client source documents and pre-verify data entry, slashing prep time and freeing up capacity. One solution eliminates the need to verify OCR data for 65% of standard documents​.

But it gets really cool when generative AI transforms tax research. Tax questions are answered in seconds, citing code and case law, all of which can be used to draft memos and client communications. That’s a huge win during busy season.

Even more radical? AI platforms that scan your entire client base for tax law changes, identify who is impacted and generate client-ready letters. This turns reactive tax prep into scalable advisory services​.

As taxes move into the digital age, automation is simplifying things for accountants while focusing on what is valued by clients. 

Practice management goes from manual to intelligent

AI is also working its way into the back office. It’s automating tasks that once took hours and quietly transforming the client experience.

Modern practice management systems powered by AI can draft and personalize emails, summarize long threads and auto-schedule follow-ups. In one example, firms reported saving over 18 hours per employee per month on routine communication tasks​. This means client updates happen faster, projects stay on track, and partners get more time for strategic work.

The AI-first firm won’t just use tech to do the work. It will use it to create space for the work that actually builds value.

So why aren’t we there yet?

If the technology is available, what’s holding us back? Well, most firms are still operating with workflows and business models designed for a pre-AI world. AI might be helping us do the same things faster, but we haven’t fully restructured what we do or how we staff, price and deliver our services.

To get to AI-first, we need to rethink:

  • Staffing. What skills matter in a world where compliance is largely automated? What does a team look like when AI handles the first draft of everything?
  • Pricing. If your cost-to-deliver drops dramatically, how do you price for value, not effort?
  • Processes. Are your workflows built for AI-augmented work? Or are you still retrofitting automation into legacy systems?
  • Client experience. Are you using AI to create faster, more transparent service? Or are clients still waiting days for a reply?

The firms that ask these questions — and act on them — will define the next era of the profession.

What radical firms are doing with AI now

The good news is you don’t have to have it all figured out. The firms seeing real results aren’t waiting for perfection, they’re experimenting. 

  • They start small. They are automating one process at a time, sharing wins with the team and building confidence.
  • They empower staff to use AI. Staff is being trained to collaborate with the tech, not fear it.
  • They focus on outcomes, not hours. Nobody cares how long it took you to prepare a return. They care if you are proactive, insightful and accurate.

These are the foundations of a truly AI-first mindset.

Become an AI-first firm

AI won’t replace accountants. But firms that fail to evolve might just get left behind. Don’t fear the shift — lead it. Use AI to eliminate grind, improve service and build a firm that works for you, not the other way around.

Because the future of accounting isn’t just about faster tax returns or prettier dashboards. It’s about delivering more value, more consistently, with less burnout, and building firms that clients trust and talent wants to join.

AI isn’t replacing the profession. It’s giving us the opportunity to become the profession we were always meant to be.

The AI-first firm doesn’t exist … yet. But it’s coming. And if you start now, you can help define it.

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