Accounting
What the House gave the Senate: Inside the Big Beautiful tax bill
The reconciliation bill passed by the House on May 22 is currently being considered by the Senate, and will likely undergo changes before approval by the upper chamber. To what extent the changes will create stumbling blocks before a final bill is produced and voted on is uncertain, with the increased SALT deduction, Medicaid reforms, and repeal of certain Inflation Reduction Act credits on the line.
While much can change between now and the final version of the bill, the following is a quick overview of some of the provisions:
- Bonus depreciation. First-year bonus depreciation, currently being phased down 20% per year since 2023, is 40% for 2025, and will drop to 0% in 2027. Under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (or OBBBA) it will be reset at 100% for eligible property acquired and placed in service after Jan. 19, 2025, and before Jan. 1, 2030.
- Section 199A Qualified Business Income deduction. The QBI deduction, created by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, is available through 2025 to owners of pass-through entities, sole proprietors and the self-employed. The OBBBA would make the deduction permanent, and the deduction would increase to 23% for tax years beginning after 2025.
- Domestic research and experimental expenditures. The OBBBA would reinstate the deduction available to businesses that conduct research and experimentation. Expenses incurred after 2024 and before 2030 would be eligible.
- Section 179 expensing. The bill increases the limit to $2.5 million and increases the phaseout threshold to $4 million for property placed in service after 2024. The limit and threshold would be adjusted annually for inflation.
- Excess business loss limitation. The bill makes permanent the excess business loss limitation for pass-through entities.
- Pease limitation. The bill would make permanent the repeal of the Pease limitation on itemized deduction, but would introduce a new limitation for taxpayers in the 37% bracket for years after 2025. It would also temporarily increase the standard deduction for tax years 2025 through 2028.
- The Child Tax Credit. The bill makes the CTC permanent and raises it to $2,5000 per child for tax years 2025 through 2028, after which it would return to its present $2,000 with an annual inflation adjustment.
- Federal gift and estate tax exemption. The bill increases the federal gift and estate tax exemption to $15 million, and adjusts it annually for inflation. It is currently set at $13.99 million.
One sector the bill is very positive for is real estate, according to Tyler Davis, president of Saunders Real Estate: “It makes a lot of the TCJA provisions permanent. The estate tax exemption is made permanent and raised to $15 million, and the bonus is back to 100% for the next four years. This allows purchasers to depreciate their investments a lot faster, so it makes deals more attractive for investors and developers. A special provision for industrial manufacturing property under the bill, it is eligible for 100% expensing.”
Photographer: Nikita Sobolkov/nikkytok – stock.adobe.com
This would allow 100% of a project’s cost to be deducted in the first year, making it “hugely attractive,” he said. “The administration wants to bring investment back to the U.S. This will incentivize that process.”
Under the bill, the Section 163(j) business interest deduction would expand and allow more interest to be deducted on qualifying real estate, he said. “And they’re redoing some of the Opportunity Zone rules and boundaries, and are lowering reinvestment thresholds for investments. This should drive more investment into rural communities. And, lastly, there are no Section 1031 changes in the bill. That’s a really positive thing from a transactions and reinvestment perspective.”
CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. said U.S. officials have asked for information related to the accounting of deals it’s made with some customers and said the cybersecurity firm is cooperating with the inquiry.
The Austin, Texas-based company said in a filing Wednesday that it has gotten “requests for information” from the U.S. Department of Justice and the Securities and Exchange Commission “relating to the company’s recognition of revenue and reporting of ARR for transactions with certain customers.” ARR refers to annual recurring revenue, a measure of earnings from subscriptions.
The company said the federal officials have also sought information related to a CrowdStrike update last year that crashed Windows operating systems around the world.
“The company is cooperating and providing information in response to these requests,” the filing states.
U.S. prosecutors and regulators have been investigating a $32 million deal between CrowdStrike and a technology distributor, Carahsoft Technology Corp., to provide cybersecurity tools to the Internal Revenue Service, Bloomberg News first reported in February. The IRS never purchased or received the products, Bloomberg News
The investigators are probing what senior CrowdStrike executives may have known about the $32 million deal and are examining other transactions made by the cybersecurity firm, Bloomberg News
Asked for comment about the filing, CrowdStrike spokesperson Brian Merrill said, “As we have told Bloomberg repeatedly, this is old news and we stand by the accounting of the transaction.”
A lawyer for Carahsoft previously declined to comment on the federal investigations, and representatives didn’t respond to subsequent requests for comment about them.
Tech titan Elon Musk ratcheted up his offensive against Donald Trump’s signature tax bill on Wednesday, urging that Americans contact their lawmakers to “KILL” the legislation.
“Call your Senator, Call your Congressman,” Musk wrote in a
The post came one day after Musk lashed out at the tax bill, describing it as a budget-busting “disgusting abomination” as Republican fiscal hawks stepped up criticism of the massive fiscal package.
Trump hasn’t publicly responded to Musk’s comments, but the White House put out a statement Wednesday saying the legislation “unleashes an era of unprecedented economic growth.”
And House Speaker Mike Johnson told reporters that Musk is “dead wrong” about the bill and that the tax cuts will pay for themselves through economic growth.
Musk’s public condemnation pits him against the president at a critical time as Trump is personally lobbying holdouts on the bill. His campaign against the legislation threatens to stiffen resistance and delay enactment of the tax cuts and debt ceiling increase.
Musk has attacked the legislation days after leaving a temporary assignment leading the administration’s Department of Government Efficiency initiative to cut federal spending. The Tesla Inc. chief executive officer’s high-profile role in the Trump administration eroded his business brand and sales of his company’s electric vehicles plunged.
The House-passed version of the tax and spending bill would add $2.4 trillion to U.S. budget deficits over the next decade, according to an
The CBO’s calculation reflects a $3.67 trillion decrease in expected revenues and a $1.25 trillion decline in spending over the decade through 2034, relative to baseline projections. The score doesn’t account for any potential boost to the economy from the bill, which Johnson and Trump argue would offset the revenue losses.
Musk, the world’s richest man with a net worth of about $377 billion according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, has become a crucial financial backer of the Republican party. After making modest donations most years, Musk became the biggest U.S. political donor in 2024, giving more than $290 million.
Johnson said Musk had promised to help reelect Republicans just a day before savaging Trump’s bill. Musk did not respond to a request for comment.
Most of Musk’s giving was aimed at electing Trump but he also supported congressional candidates. America PAC, the super political action committee that Musk largely funded, spent $18.5 million in 17 separate House races. Though that total pales in comparison to the roughly $255 million he spent backing Trump, the spending means a lot in a congressional election, where challengers on average raise less than $1 million.
Control of the House will likely be decided by the outcome of fewer than two dozen close races in the 2026 midterm elections. The GOP’s chances of holding their majority would suffer a major blow if Musk were to withdraw his financial support.
Three private equity-backed firms have made deals: Carr, Riggs & Ingram has expanded into East Texas by merging in Axley & Rode; UHY is continuing its expansion in St. Louis by adding Sabino & Co.; and Prosperity Partners moved into Vermont by adding Danaher, Attig & Plante. Meanwhile, Top 100 Firm Sensiba has acquired Australia-based cybersecurity audit and risk assurance firm AssuranceLab.
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