Connect with us

Personal Finance

Harris wants a 28% capital gains tax rate. How it compares to history

Published

on

U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S. August 20, 2024 and former U.S. President Donald Trump in Bedminster, New Jersey, U.S., August 15, 2024 are seen in a combination of file photographs. 

Marco Bello | Jeenah Moon | Reuters

As the election ramps up, many investors are focused on capital gains taxes and how proposals from both parties could impact their assets.  

Democratic presidential nominee Vice President Kamala Harris last week proposed a 28% tax on long-term capital gains, or profits from the sale of assets owned for more than one year, for those making more than $1 million annually. The plan would raise the top rate from 20%.

“I would go higher than that,” Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., on Sunday told NBC’s “Meet the Press” of Harris’ proposal. “I think she’s trying to be pragmatic and doing what she thinks is right in order to win the election.”

More from Personal Finance:
Here’s how the presidential election could affect your taxes
What to know about court block on Biden’s new student loan forgiveness plan
As the IRS targets the wealthy, here are audit red flags for everyday filers

Harris’ plan veers from President Joe Biden‘s 2025 fiscal year budget, which calls for 39.6% long-term capital gains taxes for those earning above $1 million per year.

Her plan would also raise the net investment income tax, or NIIT, from 3.8% to 5%, The Wall Street Journal reported last week. Biden’s 2025 budget has the same NIIT increase for those with modified adjusted gross income, or MAGI, over $400,000.

Under current law, the NIIT applies to certain investment earnings once MAGI exceeds $200,000 for single filers or $250,000 for married couples filing together.

If Harris proposes raising the NIIT to 5%, the combined rate would be 33% for top earners. Biden’s plan would raise the combined rate to 44.6%.

The Harris campaign did not immediately respond to CNBC’s request for comment.

Meanwhile, former President Donald Trump broadly supports tax cuts but hasn’t outlined a capital gains tax proposal.

The issue was addressed in Project 2025, a “vision for a conservative administration” created by conservative think tank The Heritage Foundation with more than 100 other right-leaning organizations.

Project 2025 called for a 15% tax rate for capital gains and dividends. The collection of proposals would also abolish the NIIT.

Several Trump officials have been directly affiliated with Project 2025, but he has distanced himself from the plan.

The Trump campaign did not immediately respond to CNBC’s request for comment.

Of course, capital gains tax changes in either direction would require Congressional approval, and control of the House and Senate is uncertain.

Here’s how the candidates’ proposals compare with past capital gains tax rates.

History of capital gains tax rates

In recent decades, capital gains tax rates have generally been lower than “ordinary income” or regular income tax rates, according to the Tax Foundation.

“We’ve applied preferential rates to qualified dividends and long-term capital gains, and that rate has trended downward over time,” said Garrett Watson, senior policy analyst and modeling manager at the Tax Foundation.  

If enacted, Harris’ combined 33% capital gains rate for top earners would be the highest since 1978, when the rate was close to 40%, he said.

Harris’ 28% top capital gains rate (excluding the NIIT) would mirror the top rate enacted by former President Ronald Reagan in 1986, which temporarily matched the ordinary income rate.

After tax cuts from Former President George W. Bush, the top capital gains tax rate dropped to 15% from 2003 through 2012. That rate was the lowest since the Great Depression, according to the Tax Policy Center.

However, capital gains revenue is more volatile than regular income tax collections because it’s influenced by when investors sell or “realize” profits, Watson said.   

“It creates a lot of uncertainty for policy wonks who are trying to generate revenue estimates for these proposals,” he added.  

To that point, the average effective tax rates, or percent of taxes paid, have been lower than the maximum capital gains rates, according to the Tax Foundation.

Capital gains taxes can have a ‘lock-in effect’ 

Generally, investors can choose when to sell assets and incur capital gains taxes. Higher rates or lower future rates can prompt investors to defer sales, experts say. Alternatively, investors will strategically realize gains in the 0% bracket, depending on their current taxable income and long-term goals.   

For 2024, investors pay 0%, 15%, 20% capital gains taxes, plus 3.8% NIIT for higher earners.

“There’s no question that there’s a lock-in effect associated with capital gains, and that will go up with a higher rate,” said Kent Smetters, a professor of business economics and public policy at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School.

Although there have been proposals to tax unrealized gains, those plans have failed to reach broad support in Congress. 

How Trump's and Harris' tax plans would affect your wallet

Continue Reading

Personal Finance

Maximizing Returns in High Rate Climate and market uncertainty

Published

on

Maximizing Returns in High-Rate Climate

In the macroeconomic environment of late July 2026, personal cash management requires an active, structured approach to wealth preservation. With central bank benchmark rates remaining elevated to ensure long-term disinflation, conservative yield-bearing vehicles—such as short-term U.S. Treasury bills, money market funds, and high-yield savings accounts (HYSAs)—continue to offer reliable nominal returns between 4% and 5%. For individual investors, maximizing net returns requires moving beyond passive checking accounts and executing a disciplined cash laddering strategy.

Leaving substantial liquid capital in traditional bank deposits creates an invisible drag on personal net worth due to ongoing inflation. By implementing a tiered liquidity framework, individuals can split emergency cash reserves and short-term capital allocations across rolling maturities. Allocating cash into 4-week, 8-week, and 13-week Treasury bills creates a continuous cycle of maturing liquidity, allowing investors to continuously reinvest capital at prevailing market yields while maintaining immediate access to emergency funds.

Tax efficiency represents a critical dimension of high-yield cash optimization. For high-earning individuals residing in states with substantial local income taxes, direct holdings in short-term U.S. Treasury instruments often deliver superior net post-tax yields compared to standard commercial bank HYSAs. Because interest earned on federal Treasury bills is strictly exempt from state and local taxation, investors can retain a larger portion of their compounding interest gains without taking on additional credit or market risk.

Ultimately, personal wealth accumulation in mid-2026 relies on intentional capital deployment. Cash should be managed as a productive asset class that generates consistent, risk-free returns. Regularly auditing account yield terms, automating recurring transfers, and leveraging tax-advantaged fixed-income instruments ensures that personal liquidity remains fully optimized against macroeconomic fluctuations.

Continue Reading

Personal Finance

Algorithmic Wealth Management: Balancing Automated Financial Planning with Human Oversight

Published

on

Balancing Automated Financial Planning with Human Oversight

The personal finance industry in July 2026 is experiencing a technological evolution, driven by the wide deployment of next-generation algorithmic wealth management tools. Modern digital financial platforms have expanded far beyond basic automated index investing; today’s robo-advisors utilize real-time tax-loss harvesting, dynamic portfolio rebalancing, and hyper-personalized spending analysis to optimize retail investor outcomes. However, as these digital solutions become ubiquitous, investors face the crucial challenge of balancing automated execution with human strategic judgment.

The core advantage of automated financial planning platforms lies in their ability to remove emotional bias from investment execution. During periods of market volatility or localized sector realignments, automated algorithms systematically rebalance portfolios back to target asset allocations without falling victim to panic selling or speculative enthusiasm. Furthermore, integrated cash-flow monitoring algorithms analyze individual spending patterns in real time, automatically sweeping surplus income into designated retirement or debt-liquidation accounts to accelerate net worth accumulation.

Despite these operational advantages, algorithmic tools have inherent structural limitations when addressing complex, highly personalized financial life events. Decisions involving multi-generational estate planning, highly complex tax strategies, small business exits, or nuanced real estate transactions require contextual human judgment that software models cannot replicate. Relying solely on automated models without periodic human professional review can result in misaligned risk profiles or overlooked tax liabilities during major life transitions.

The optimal approach for personal financial planning in late 2026 is a hybrid advisory model. Individuals should utilize automated platforms for routine asset allocation, continuous tax optimization, and low-cost passive index tracking, while engaging qualified human financial advisors for periodic strategic planning, estate structuring, and qualitative risk evaluations. This dual approach ensures maximum cost efficiency and disciplined execution while retaining essential strategic guidance.

Continue Reading

Personal Finance

High-Yield Optimization: Structuring Personal Cash Reserves in a Sustained Rate Environment

Published

on

Structuring Personal Cash Reserves in a Sustained Rate Environment

In the financial environment of mid-2026, personal cash management has re-emerged as a vital component of holistic wealth building. With central bank policy rates holding firm to maintain long-term price stability, yield-bearing instruments such as money market funds, high-yield savings accounts (HYSAs), and short-term Treasury bills continue to offer compounding returns around 4% to 5%. For individual investors, effectively structuring cash reserves requires shifting away from passive bank deposits toward active yield optimization.

A frequent pitfall in personal asset management is leaving substantial liquid capital in traditional checking or low-yield savings accounts, where real returns are continuously eroded by baseline inflation. By implementing a disciplined ‘cash ladder’ strategy—allocating liquid funds across tiered maturities using ultra-short Treasury instruments and FDIC-insured high-yield accounts—individuals can secure maximal yields while retaining immediate liquidity for emergency expenses or tactical investment opportunities.

Simultaneously, investors must evaluate the tax efficiency of their cash holdings based on their tax bracket and geographic location. For high earners situated in states with high local income taxes, direct holdings in short-term U.S. Treasury bills often yield a higher net post-tax return than standard high-yield savings accounts, as Treasury interest is strictly exempt from state and local taxation. Understanding these nuanced tax distinctions allows individuals to capture significant incremental gains without taking on additional market risk.

Ultimately, personal financial health in late 2026 hinges on intentional liquidity management. Cash reserves should not be viewed merely as static emergency funds, but as a dynamic asset class that contributes positively to net worth growth. Regularly auditing yield terms, automating cash transfers, and optimizing for post-tax efficiency ensures that personal capital remains fully productive across all economic conditions.

Continue Reading

Trending