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Tax planning for the unknown

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It’s the time of year that most tax professionals begin reaching out to clients to begin planning for the tax season and tax years ahead — and this year, more than any in recent memory, is a very tough time to plan.

Why is it such a tough time to plan? “Historically, when we talk about tax planning, it involves deferring income or bunching expenses or implementing shifting strategies,” said Annie Schwab, franchise operations manager at Padgett Business Service. “But not this year!”

That’s because two events are looming to cause uncertainty: The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is set to expire at the end of 2025, and the November elections will usher in a new president and Congress. Either or both may cause major disruptions in tax.

A close up of the capital building with an American flag

There are three possible outcomes of the elections: Republicans take control, Democrats take control, or a divided government. It’s likely that the new president will want to get legislation through as soon as possible, according to Padgett president Roger Harris, so it’s possible that we could see changes sooner rather than later, closer to the expiration of the TCJA at the end of 2025. 

  • Individual tax rates. The TCJA lowered tax rates to 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35%, and 37%. The top rate, 37%, was lowered from 39.6%. The TCJA rates will expire Dec. 31, 2025, and revert back to the prior rates. The top tax rate beginning Jan. 1, 2026 is currently slated to be 39.6%.
  • Standard deduction. The standard deduction was nearly doubled for all filing statuses ($12,000 for single filers and $24,000 for married filing jointly) by the TCJA. As a result, many taxpayers itemized deductions. Starting in 2026, the standard deduction is slated to be about half of what it is currently.

The act also impacted various Schedule A deductions: 

  • SALT: The state and local tax deduction was capped at $10,000. After 2025, this limitation will expire, allowing greater benefit from deducting taxes during the calendar year, including real estate taxes, state or local income taxes, and personal property taxes.
  • Mortgage interest deduction: The TCJA generally suspended the home equity loan interest deduction. It limited the home mortgage interest deduction to the first $750,000 of deductible interest. Beginning in 2026, this is scheduled to revert to pre-TCJA levels, allowing interest to be deducted from the first $1 million in home mortgage debt and $100,000 in a home equity loan. 
  • Miscellaneous itemized deductions: The TCJA temporarily eliminated these deductions, which will once again be allowed starting Jan. 1, 2026, under the previous rules, to the extent they exceed 2% of the taxpayer’s adjusted gross income. 
  • Child Tax Credit. The CTC was increased from $1,000 to $2,000 per qualifying child. This higher tax credit will revert to pre-TCJA levels in 2026 to $1,000 per qualifying child.
  • Alternative Minimum Tax exemption and phaseout. The TCJA increased exemption amounts, as well as the exemption phaseout threshold, lessening the AMT burden on taxpayers. At sunset, the AMT exemption will revert to pre-TCJA levels. The number of taxpayers subject to AMT is expected to double.

A number of business provisions are also up in the air: 

  • QBI 20% deduction (Section 199A). Owners of passthrough businesses and partnerships and S corporations, as well as sole proprietorships, may currently claim a deduction of up to 20% of qualified business income. Beginning in 2026, the Section 199A QBI deduction will no longer be available. 
  • Bonus depreciation on qualified property.  The TCJA changed the applicable percentage on qualifying property, ranging from 100% for property placed in service after Sept. 27, 2017, and before Jan. 1, 2023, to 0% for property placed in service after Dec. 31, 2026.

In a recent Accounting Today webinar on tax planning, Harris and Schwab also highlighted the complexities of the Clean Vehicle Credit, which must be claimed on Form 8936.

The credit is available to individuals and their businesses. To qualify, they must buy it for their own use, not for resale, and use it primarily in the U.S. In addition, their modified adjusted gross income may not exceed $300,000 for married filing jointly or a surviving spouse, $225,000 for head of household, or $150,000 for all other filers.

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Taxpayers can use modified AGI from the year they take delivery or the year before, whichever is less. If they do not transfer the credit, it is nonrefundable when they file their taxes, so they can’t get back more than they owe in taxes, or apply any excess to future years.

At the time of sale, a seller must give the buyer information about the vehicle’s qualifications, and must also register and report the same information to the IRS. 

The vehicle must be an electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or fuel cell vehicle. The manufacturer’s suggested retail price of a pickup truck, van or SUV must be $80,000 or less; for all other passenger vehicles, $55,000 or less. Final assembly must have occurred in North America. For vehicles placed in service on or after April 18, 2023, the vehicle must meet the critical mineral and battery requirement. Visit FuelEconomy.gov to determine credit amount.

Planning for planners

Harris and Schwab also discussed the recently discovered breach of nearly 3 billion Social Security numbers. The IRS and the practitioner communities are asking that tax preparers encourage taxpayers to get an IP PIN, regardless of whether they were part of the breach. At a minimum, they should have the “Security Six” implemented: anti-virus software, firewalls, multi-factor authentication, backup software, drive encryptions, and a virtual private network.

They noted that a WISP — or written information security plan — is required by law. It has been around for several years, and has been added to the PTIN application. The IRS has issued a revised template, 28 pages in length, designed to help tax professionals, particularly those with smaller practices. 

“It is meant to be a living document, not something you put in a drawer,” remarked Schwab.

Tax professionals face a number of real challenges, according to Harris: Fewer people are going into the profession, workers want a great degree of flexibility, compensation packages are complex, and outsourcing is becoming a reality. 

“Practitioners tend to price by the hour or by form,” he added. “There needs to be a movement to price for value, and be the clients’ trusted advisor, not just a tax preparer.”

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Accounting

XcelLabs launches to help accountants use AI

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Jody Padar, an author and speaker known as “The Radical CPA,” and Katie Tolin, a growth strategist for CPAs, together launched a training and technology platform called XcelLabs.

XcelLabs provides solutions to help accountants use artificial technology fluently and strategically. The Pennsylvania Institute of CPAs and CPA Crossings joined with Padar and Tolin as strategic partners and investors.

“To reinvent the profession, we must start by training the professional who can then transform their firms,” Padar said in a statement. “By equipping people with data and insights that help them see things differently, they can provide better advice to their clients and firm.”

Padar-Jody- new 2019

Jody Padar

The platform includes XcelLabs Academy, a series of educational online courses on the basics of AI, being a better advisor, leadership and practice management; Navi, a proprietary tool that uses AI to help accountants turn unstructured data like emails, phone calls and meetings into insights; and training and consulting services. These offerings are currently in beta testing.

“Accountants know they need to be more advisory, but not everyone can figure out how to do it,” Tolin said in a statement. “Couple that with the fact that AI will be doing a lot of the lower-level work accountants do today, and we need to create that next level advisor now. By showing accountants how to unlock patterns in their actions and turn client conversations into emotionally intelligent advice, we can create the accounting professional of the future.”

Tolin-Katie-CPA Growth Guides

Katie Tolin

“AI is transforming how CPAs work, and XcelLabs is focused on helping the profession evolve with it,” PICPA CEO Jennifer Cryder said in a statement. “At PICPA, we’re proud to support a mission that aligns so closely with ours: empowering firms to use AI not just for efficiency, but to drive growth, value and long-term relevance.”

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Accounting is changing, and the world can’t wait until 2026

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The accountant the world urgently needs has evolved far beyond the traditional role we recognized just a few years ago. 

The transformation of the accounting profession is not merely an anticipated change; it is a pressing reality that is currently shaping business decisions, academic programs and the expected contributions of professionals. Yet, in many areas, accounting education stubbornly clings to outdated, overly technical models that fail to connect with the actual demands of the market. We must confront a critical question: If we continue to train accountants solely to file tax reports, are we truly equipping them for the challenges of today’s world? 

This shift in mindset extends beyond individual countries or educational systems; it is a global movement. The recent announcement of the CIMA/CGMA 2026 syllabus has made it unmistakably clear: merely knowing how to post journal entries is insufficient. Today’s accountants are required to interpret the landscape, anticipate risks and act with strategic awareness. Critical thinking, sustainable finance, technology and human behavior are not just supplementary topics; they are essential components in the education of any professional seeking to remain relevant. 

The CIMA/CGMA proposal for 2026 is not just a curriculum update; it is a powerful manifesto. This new program positions analytical thinking, strategic business partnering and technology application at the core of accounting education. It unequivocally highlights sustainability, aligning with IFRS S1 and S2, and expands the accountant’s responsibilities beyond mere numbers to encompass conscious leadership, environmental impact and corporate governance. 

The current changes in the accounting profession underscore an urgent shift in expectations from both educators and employers. Today, companies of all sizes and industries demand accountants who can do far more than interpret balance sheets. They expect professionals who grasp the deeper context behind the numbers, identify inconsistencies, anticipate potential issues before they escalate into losses, and act decisively as a bridge between data and decision making. 

To meet these expectations, a radical mindset shift is essential. There are firms still operating on autopilot, mindlessly repeating tasks with minimal critical analysis. Likewise, many academic programs continue to treat accounting as purely a technical discipline, disregarding the vital elements of reflection, strategy and behavioral insight. This outdated approach creates a significant mismatch. While the world forges ahead, parts of the accounting profession remain stuck in the past. 

The consequences of this shift are already becoming evident. The demand for compliance, transparency and sustainability now applies not only to large corporations but also to small and mid-sized businesses. Many of these organizations rely on professionals ill-equipped to drive the necessary changes, putting both business performance and the reputation of the profession at risk. 

The positive news is that accountants who are ready to thrive in this new era do not necessarily need additional degrees. What they truly need is a commitment to awareness, a dedication to continuous learning, and the courage to step beyond their comfort zones. The future of accounting is here, and it is firmly rooted in analytical, strategic and human-oriented perspectives. The 2026 curriculum is a clear indication of the changes underway. Those who fail to think critically and holistically will be left behind. 

In contrast, accountants who see the big picture, understand the ripple effects of their decisions, and actively contribute to the financial and ethical health of organizations will undeniably remain indispensable, anywhere in the world.

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Republicans push Musk aside as Trump tax bill barrels forward

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Congressional Republicans are siding with Donald Trump in the messy divorce between the president and Elon Musk, an optimistic sign for eventual passage of a tax cut bill at the root of the two billionaires’ public feud.

Lawmakers are largely taking their cues from Trump and sticking by the $3 trillion bill at the center of the White House’s economic agenda. Musk, the biggest political donor of the 2024 cycle, has threatened to help primary anyone who votes for the legislation, but lawmakers are betting that staying in the president’s good graces is the safer path to political survival.

“The tax bill is not in jeopardy. We are going to deliver on that,” House Speaker Mike Johnson told reporters on Friday.

“I’ll tell you what — do not doubt, don’t second guess and do not challenge the President of the United States Donald Trump,” he added. “He is the leader of the party. He’s the most consequential political figure of our time.”

A fight between Trump and Musk exploded into public view this week. The sparring started with the tech titan calling the president’s tax bill a “disgusting abomination,” but quickly escalated to more personal attacks and Trump threatening to cancel all federal contracts and subsidies to Musk’s companies, such as Tesla Inc. and SpaceX which have benefitted from government ties.

Republicans on Capitol Hill, who had —  until recently — publicly embraced Musk, said they weren’t swayed by the billionaire’s criticism that the bill cost too much. Lawmakers have refuted official estimates of the package, saying that the tax cuts for households, small businesses and politically important groups — including hospitality and hourly workers — will generate enough economic growth to offset the price tag.

“I don’t tell my friend Elon, I don’t argue with him about how to build rockets, and I wish he wouldn’t argue with me about how to craft legislation and pass it,” Johnson told CNBC earlier Friday.

House Budget Committee Chair Jodey Arrington told reporters that House lawmakers are focused on working with the Senate as it revises the bill to make sure the legislation has the political support in both chambers to make it to Trump’s desk for his signature. 

“We move past the drama and we get the substance of what is needed to make the modest improvements that can be made,” he said.

House fiscal hawks said that they hadn’t changed their prior positions on the legislation based on Musk’s statements. They also said they agree with GOP leaders that there will be other chances to make further spending cuts outside the tax bill. 

Representative Tom McClintock, a fiscal conservative, said “the bill will pass because it has to pass,” adding that both Musk and Trump needed to calm down. “They both need to take a nap,” he said.

Even some of the House bill’s most vociferous critics appeared resigned to its passage. Kentucky Representative Thomas Massie, who voted against the House version, predicted that despite Musk’s objections, the Senate will make only small changes.

“The speaker is right about one thing. This barely passed the House. If they muck with it too much in the Senate, it may not pass the House again,” he said.

Trump is pressuring lawmakers to move at breakneck speed to pass the tax-cut bill, demanding they vote on the bill before the July 4 holiday. The president has been quick to blast critics of the bill — including calling Senator Rand Paul “crazy” for objecting to the inclusion of a debt ceiling increase in the package.

As the legislation worked its way through the House last month, Trump took to social media to criticize holdouts and invited undecided members to the White House to compel them to support the package. It passed by one vote.

Senate Majority Leader John Thune — who is planning to unveil his chamber’s version of the bill as soon as next week — said his timeline is unmoved by Musk. 

“We are already pretty far down the trail,” he said.

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