The interest rate on federal direct undergraduate loans could be 6.39% in the 2025-2026 academic year, estimates Kantrowitz. The undergraduate rate for the 2024-2025 year is 6.53%.

At those new undergraduate rates, every $10,000 a family borrowed would lead to a $113 monthly student loan payment after graduation, assuming the student enrolled in a standard 10-year repayment plan. With interest, the borrower would repay $13,559.87 over that decade.

For graduate students, loans will likely come with an 7.94% interest rate, compared with the current 8.08%, Kantrowitz finds.

PLUS loans for graduate students and parents may have a 8.94% interest rate, a decrease from 9.08% now.

The government sets interest rates on its education loans once a year. The rates, which run from July 1 to June 30 of the following year, are based in part on the May auction of the 10-year Treasury note.

Kantrowitz based his calculations on the Treasury Department’s announced high yield rate on Tuesday of 4.34%.

The IRS has lost nearly one-third of tax auditors amid sweeping cuts from Elon Musk’s Department of Government Efficiency, a watchdog report found.

As of March 2025, the agency’s workforce had fallen by more than 11,000 employees, or 11%, due to probationary terminations and the deferred resignation program, according to a May 2 report from the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration.

The percentage of separated employees was significantly higher for certain departments — including so-called “revenue agents,” who conduct audits for the IRS. As of March, the agency lost 3,623 revenue agents, or 31%, according to the report.

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The TIGTA report came the same day as President Donald Trump’s fiscal year 2026 discretionary budget request, which called for a nearly $2.5 billion IRS budget cut to end the “weaponization of IRS enforcement.”

U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent on Tuesday defended the reduced spending request in a House of Representatives Appropriations subcommittee hearing. He said the federal government has cut $2 billion from the agency’s information technology budget “without any operational disruptions.”

As of April 25, the IRS processed more than 140 million returns during the 2025 filing season, slightly more than the previous year, according to agency data.

The Treasury did not respond to CNBC’s request for comment about the TIGTA report.

In a March letter to former acting IRS commissioner Melanie Krause, more than 130 House Democrats warned that cutting compliance staff could limit the agency’s ability to collect unpaid taxes from “wealthy tax dodgers.” The lawmakers were responding to IRS staffing cuts that began in late February.

Those cuts hurt the agency’s ability to “improve collections, crack down on complex tax avoidance and evasion by high-income taxpayers and large businesses,” the lawmakers wrote.

Audits of the top 0.1% of taxpayers returned more than $6 in revenue for every dollar spent in resources, according to a 2023 working paper from researchers at the U.S. Department of the Treasury, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Wharton School and University of Sydney.

At the House Appropriations subcommittee hearing on Tuesday, Bessent said “collections” were among his IRS priorities. But he expects to meet revenue goals via “smarter IT” and the “AI boom” rather than via “unseasoned collections agents.”

“I would expect that collection would continue to be very robust,” he said.

The Senate has voted to confirm Frank Bisignano as the new commissioner of the Social Security Administration, ushering in new leadership at a federal agency that has already undergone many changes this year under the Trump administration’s Department of Government Efficiency.

Bisignano, the chairman and CEO of payments and financial technology company Fiserv Inc., was nominated to serve as Social Security commissioner in December by then President-elect Donald Trump. Trump started his second term on Jan. 20.

The Social Security Administration, which provides monthly benefit checks to more than 73 million beneficiaries, is currently operating under temporary leadership. Acting commissioner Leland Dudek took the helm in February, replacing Michelle King, who stepped down from the temporary role due to concerns about DOGE’s access to sensitive data.

A federal judge has since granted a preliminary injunction that prevents DOGE from accessing personally identifiable information including Social Security numbers, medical records, addresses, bank records, tax information and other sensitive data.

Bisignano’s confirmation vote on Tuesday was divided by party lines. Prior to the vote, Republicans had expressed support for Trump’s nominee, while Democrats raised concerns about Bisignano’s prospective leadership and his alleged ties to DOGE.

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On the eve of the Senate confirmation vote, Democrats including Sens. Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and Ron Wyden of Oregon held a rally outside the Senate building to oppose Bisignano’s nomination.

“We want Donald Trump to stand with working families and seniors and stop the attack on Social Security once and for all,” Wyden, ranking member of the Senate Finance Committee, said at the Monday event.

Following the Tuesday Senate vote, advocacy groups expressed concern about the new agency leadership.

“This vote was an opportunity for the Senate to reject the decimation of Social Security, and demand that Trump nominate a commissioner who will stop the bleeding,” Nancy Altman, president of Social Security Works, said in a statement. “Instead, every Senate Republican just signed off on the DOGE destruction of Social Security.”

Neither Fiserv nor the White House responded to CNBC’s requests for comment by press time.

Bisignano currently serves as chairman and CEO of Fiserv, which processes more than $2.5 trillion in payments per day, according to his Senate testimony.

Bisignano came to that role after serving as chairman and CEO of First Data Corp., which went public in 2015 and combined with Fiserv in 2019.

Before that, Bisignano was co-chief operating officer for JPMorgan Chase and CEO of its mortgage banking unit. Prior to JPMorgan Chase, he held several roles at Citigroup.

Bisignano was raised in a working class, multigenerational immigrant household in Brooklyn, New York, according to his Senate testimony. Bisignano’s father was a 46-year Department of Treasury employee who worked in customs enforcement.

“He was the hardest working person I’ve known,” Bisignano said in his Senate testimony. “I view federal workers from that vantage point.”

Warren and Wyden sent a letter to Bisignano ahead of his March confirmation hearing to ask about his views on privatizing the agency. The efforts by DOGE to “hollow out” the agency and “deprive Americans of Social Security benefits they earned and need” may pave the way for a “private sector fix,” the Democratic leaders said.

In his Senate testimony, Bisignano said he did not intend to privatize the agency.

“I’ve never thought about privatizing,” Bisignano said. “It’s not a word that anybody’s ever talked to me about. I don’t see this institution as anything other than a government agency that gets run for the American public.”

During the Senate hearing, Bisignano also faced questions about his involvement with recent changes at the Social Security Administration and with DOGE.

Wyden introduced an anonymous whistleblower letter from a “senior Social Security Administration employee who recently left the agency,” who said Bisignano had been briefed on “key SSA operations, personnel and management decisions.”

In response to a question about whether he would “lock DOGE out,” Bisignano promised to protect personally identifiable information.

“I am going to do whatever is required to protect the information that is private,” Bisignano said.

However, during a February CNBC interview, Bisignano said he is “fundamentally a DOGE person.”

While Democrats have cast doubt on Bisignano’s nomination, the Fiserv CEO has received praise from Republicans and former Citigroup CEO Sandy Weill.

In a March CNBC interview, Weill praised Bisignano as a “great manager” and “terrific person.”

“He used to work for me, and I think he’s the best operations person I’ve ever met in my life,” Weill said, adding we would be “very lucky to have him in that job.”

During a March Senate confirmation hearing, as he fielded questions from senators on a host of issues facing the Social Security Administration, Bisignano said it will be important to “put the beneficiaries first.”

“The ability to receive payments on time and accurately is job one,” Bisignano said.

Among the priorities Bisignano said he would emphasize if confirmed include bringing the Social Security’s error rate down, citing an Office of the Inspector General report that put it at around 1%.

“That’s a very high payment processing error rate,” Bisignano said, calling it “five decimal places too high.”

Reducing the agency’s error rate will help eliminate overpayment issues, where beneficiaries receive too much money in their benefit checks. Those errors, which may take months or years to catch, typically leave beneficiaries owing large sums to the Social Security Administration.

From fiscal years 2015 through 2022, the Social Security Administration paid about $71.8 billion in improper payments out of almost $8.6 trillion in benefits, representing about 0.84%, according to a 2024 Office of the Inspector General report.

The agency is currently in the process of adjusting the default withholding rate to 50% for certain benefits affected by overpayments, such as retirement, survivors and disability insurance. Under President Joe Biden, the default rate had been lowered to 10% of monthly benefits or $10, whichever was greater.

“I’m going to make sure that we recover all the money we should recover, but on the other hand we have to be humans in the process, too,” Bisignano told the Senate about overpayment clawbacks.

Bisignano also said he planned to reduce the chronically long wait times Americans face when seeking help from the agency, including when calling its 800 number or when applying for disability benefits.

Having to wait for more than 20 minutes on the phone is not acceptable, Bisignano said. Social Security Administration data shows only about 46% of calls get answered, likely because people get discouraged and hang up, he said.

“I think we could get that to under a minute,” Bisignano said of the agency’s phone wait times, in part by making AI available to people answering the phones to more quickly prompt them with the information they need to answer individuals’ queries.

Bisignano also promised to investigate why it takes so much time to process disability applications. Initial eligibility determinations currently take around seven months, a wait time that has doubled since prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, according to the Urban Institute.