LONDON — Kristo Käärmann, the billionaire CEO of money transfer firm Wise, was slapped with a £350,000 ($454 million) fine by financial regulators in the U.K for failing to report an issue with his tax filings.
Käärmann, who co-founded Wise in 2011 with fellow entrepreneur Taavet Hinrikus, was on Monday ordered by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) to pay the sizable penalty due to a breach of the watchdog’s senior manager conduct rule.
The FCA said that Käärmann failed to notify the regulator about him not paying a capital gains tax liability when he cashed in on shares worth £10 million in 2017.
The watchdog found him in breach of its Senior Management Conduct Rule 4, which states: “You must disclose appropriately any information of which the FCA would reasonably expect notice.”
Käärmann’s name was added to HMRC’s public tax defaulters list. His tax liability for that year was £720,495, according to HMRC.
‘High standards’ expected
The FCA said Monday that, between February 2021 and September 2021, the tax issues were relevant to its assessment of Käärmann’s fitness and propriety as a senior director of a financial services firm.
Käärmann failed to consider the significance of the issues and notify the FCA despite being aware of them for over seven months, the regulator added.
“We, and the public, expect high standards from leaders of financial firms, including being frank and open,” Therese Chambers, joint executive director of enforcement and oversight, said in a statement Monday.
“It should have been obvious to Mr Käärmann that he needed to tell us about these issues which were highly relevant to our assessment of his fitness and propriety.”
Käärmann said in a statement Monday that he remains “focused on delivering the mission for Wise and achieving our long-term vision.” “After several years and full cooperation with the FCA, we have brought this process to a close,” he said.
“We continue to build a product and a company that will serve our customers and owners for the decades to come,” Käärmann added.
The chair of Wise, David Wells, said that the company’s board of directors “continues to take Wise’s regulatory obligations very seriously.”
Wise’s board found that Käärmann was “fit and proper” to continue in his role at the firm after an internal investigation in 2021.
As a result of that review, Käärmann was required by the board to take “remedial actions” to ensure his personal tax affairs were appropriately managed.
Less severe than feared
The value of the FCA’s fine is substantially lower than the potential maximum fine he could have faced.
Käärmann could have been fined as much as £500,000 for his tax failings, but qualified for a 30% discount because he agreed to resolve the issues.
News of the fine comes after Wise earlier this month reported a 17% increase in “underlying income,” which consists of cross-border revenue, card and other revenue, and interest income.
Wise reiterated its target of achieving an underlying profit before tax margin of 13% to 16% over the medium term thanks to investments in pricing, and added that meant it wouldn’t have to make “further material investments in reduced pricing” in the second half of the year.
In a note Monday, analysts at British investment bank Peel Hunt boosted their expectations for Wise’s full-year profit before tax by 15%. They have a £1,000 price target and a “buy” rating on the stock.
“While Wise made no changes to the guidance set in June 2024, we expect a significant near-term beat,” Peel Hunt analysts Gautam Pillai and Barun Singh wrote in the note.
Käärmann and Hinrikus, both Estonian tech entrepreneurs who immigrated to the U.K., took Wise from a scrappy startup to a payments disruptor now worth £7.4 billion.
They created Wise to offer a low-cost alternative to banks charging hidden fees for moving money across borders.
Check out the companies making headlines in midday trading: American Airlines — Shares slipped less than 1%, recovering from earlier losses, after the airline temporarily grounded all of its flights due to a technical issue. Broadcom — The semi stock added 2%, extending its December rally. Shares have surged more than 46% this month, propelling its 2024 gain above 112%. Big banks — Shares of some big bank stocks rose more than 1% amid news that a group of banks and business groups are suing the Federal Reserve over the annual stress tests, saying it “produces vacillating and unexplained requirements and restrictions on bank capital.” Citigroup , JPMorgan and Goldman Sachs shares gained more than 1% each. Arcadium Lithium — Shares rose more than 4% after the company announced its shareholders have approved the $6.7 billion sale to Rio Tinto . The deal is expected to close in mid-2025. International Seaways — The energy transportation provider surged 8% after an announcement that the company would be added to the S & P SmallCap 600 index, effective Dec. 30. The company will replace Consolidated Communications , which is soon to be acquired. Crypto stocks — Shares of stocks tied to the price of bitcoin rose as the cryptocurrency gave back recent losses amid a climb in tech names broadly. Crypto services provider Coinbase gained almost 3% and bitcoin proxy MicroStrategy gained more than 5%. Miners Riot Platforms and IREN gained 6% and 4%, respectively. U.S. Steel — The steel producer’s stock hovered near the flatline amid news that President Joe Biden will decide on the fate of its proposed acquisition by Japan’s Nippon Steel after a government panel failed to reach a decision . Apple — Apple shares gained 0.9% to notch a new all-time high. The stock has rallied nearly 34% year to date. — CNBC’s Sean Conlon, Lisa Han, Tanaya Macheel and Alex Harring contributed reporting.
A general view of the Federal Reserve Building in Washington, United States.
Samuel Corum | Anadolu Agency | Getty Images
The biggest banks are planning to sue the Federal Reserve over the annual bank stress tests, according to a person familiar with the matter. A lawsuit is expected this week and could come as soon as Tuesday morning, the person said.
The Fed’s stress test is an annual ritual that forces banks to maintain adequate cushions for bad loans and dictates the size of share repurchases and dividends.
After the market close on Monday, the Federal Reserve announced in a statement that it is looking to make changes to the bank stress tests and will be seeking public comment on what it calls “significant changes to improve the transparency of its bank stress tests and to reduce the volatility of resulting capital buffer requirements.”
The Fed said it made the determination to change the tests because of “the evolving legal landscape,” pointing to changes in administrative laws in recent years. It didn’t outline any specific changes to the framework of the annual stress tests.
While the big banks will likely view the changes as a win, it may be too little too late.
Also, the changes may not go far enough to satisfy the banks’ concerns about onerous capital requirements. “These proposed changes are not designed to materially affect overall capital requirements, according to the Fed.
The CEO of BPI (Bank Policy Institute), Greg Baer, which represents big banks like JPMorgan, Citigroup and Goldman Sachs, welcomed the Fed announcement, saying in a statement “The Board’s announcement today is a first step towards transparency and accountability.”
However, Baer also hinted at further action: “We are reviewing it closely and considering additional options to ensure timely reforms that are both good law and good policy.”
Groups like the BPI and the American Bankers Association have raised concerns about the stress test process in the past, claiming that it is opaque, and has resulted in higher capital rules that hurt bank lending and economic growth.
In July, the groups accused the Fed of being in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act, because it didn’t seek public comment on its stress scenarios and kept supervisory models secret.
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