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44% of workers are ‘cautiously optimistic’ about retirement: CNBC poll

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Many American workers are optimistic about their retirement goals, but most believe it will be challenging for them to retire comfortably

Almost half, 44%, of workers in a new CNBC poll are “cautiously optimistic” about their ability to meet their retirement goals, and 27% say they are “realistic” about that happening. 

Even so, 82% of workers in that survey say achieving a comfortable retirement is “much harder or somewhat harder” to achieve than it was for their parents. A majority, 69%, are concerned about being able to afford to stop working or retire fully and 80% worry that Social Security will not be enough to live on in retirement.  

The CNBC report, conducted by SurveyMonkey, polled 6,657 U.S. adults, including 2,603 who are retired and 4,054 who are working full time or part time, are self-employed or who own a business.

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The decline in traditional pensions, the rising cost of health care, and increasing life expectancy have contributed to workers’ need to rethink their retirement plans.

“Retirement itself is being retired,” said Joseph Coughlin, director of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology AgeLab. “Often, within a year, two years, they found out that, frankly, they’re either need more money or need something to do.” 

Here are smart moves you can make at every age to make it easier to meet your retirement goals: 

In your 20s & 30s: Maximize tax-advantaged savings

Personal Finance Tips 2024: Roth IRAs

Starting to invest for retirement early, especially in tax-advantaged accounts, helps you make the most of your time investing in the market and leverage the power of compound interest

Various work opportunities can offer flexibility in options to save for the future. Many people in their 20s may work a 9-to-5 job and have a “side gig” or part-time job in the evenings or weekends.

That means you could save in a 401(k) plan at work as well as a self-employed retirement plan, like a Simplified Employee Pension-Individual retirement account or Solo 401(k) on your own, said Nate Hoskin, a certified financial planner and founder of Hoskin Capital in Denver, Colorado. 

While you may have opened a 401(k) plan in your first job, aim to increase the percentage you contribute each year. Put in at least enough money to get the company’s full matching contribution.

Traditional IRAs and 401(k) plans give you an upfront tax break. Making contributions with pre-tax money lowers your taxable income now, but you’ll have to pay taxes when you withdraw the money in retirement at your future tax rate.

Roth accounts, which let you contribute after-tax dollars that then grow and can be withdrawn in retirement tax free, can also be a smart bet for young workers who qualify.

In your 40s: Monitor rising expenses 

While you’re in your peak earning years, expenses can also rise quickly. About half, 52%, of millennials and 47% of Gen Xers in the CNBC poll said “paying off debts or loans” is the main reason they feel behind in retirement planning or savings. 

In that case, “it’s probably time to reassess financial goals,” said Dorsainvil. Focus on paying down credit card and high-interest debt and boosting your emergency savings so that you won’t be forced to dip into retirement savings for unexpected expenses.

Also, be careful of “lifestyle creep.” You don’t necessarily need to spend more just because you are making more. Don’t let the cost of your lifestyle increase faster than your income. See what expenses you can reduce or cut out.

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In your 50s: Estimate your retirement income   

The CNBC poll finds that 48% of GenXers hope to have saved $500,000 or more for retirement, yet the same share have currently saved $50,000 or less. Nearly 20% of this age group are “not sure” how much money they will need to spend each year on living expenses and other purchases in retirement.

In your 50s, it’s time to turbocharge your savings and start crunching the numbers to determine how much income you will have in retirement.

“Not enough people actually do financial planning, so they’re not aware of the numbers that they’re faced with early enough,” said Catherine Valega, a CFP and founder of Green Bee Advisory in Winchester, Massachusetts.

Tips for mapping out your retirement plan

Starting at 50, you can boost your retirement savings with “catch-up” contributions. In 2024, the maximum you can contribute to a 401(k) is $23,000, but the IRS allows you to add an extra $7,500 if you’re 50 or older. For an individual retirement account (IRA), the maximum contribution for 2024 is $7,000, with an additional $1,000 if you’re 50 or older.

Online calculators can show you how much your retirement savings might grow between now and your anticipated retirement, and how much that balance it might provide in monthly income. Also, factor in how much money you may get from Social Security.

Even if you think you’re behind in saving, estimating your retirement income presents an opportunity to figure out how to make it work, said Valega.

“We’re not going to dwell on what you’ve done in the past. Let’s start today with what we have,” she said. “What are our assets? What are income-producing abilities, capabilities? And then we’re going to move forward.”

In your 60s: Test drive your retirement 

Shapecharge | E+ | Getty Images

While 38% of baby boomers in their 60s and 70s say they are “on schedule” with retirement planning and savings, according to the CNBC poll, 41% say they are “behind schedule.” 

As you enter your 60s, and are closer to retirement, take your retirement for a test drive. Think about what you will do, who you will do it with and where you will do it. 

For example, Coughlin said to ask yourself: “What will you do on any given Tuesday? There will be many Tuesdays with expenses, challenges and opportunities.”

Many people today live well into their 90s and beyond. While travel, pursuing hobbies and interests and spending time with family are what most people of all ages say they will “ideally” do in retirement, the CNBC poll finds those who think they will “realistically” be able to do so are much lower.

Once you identify your aspirations, do a test run of the lifestyle and the location. Use your time off from work to engage in activities you think you’d like to do and vacation in the places where you think you’d like to live. Also, test drive your retirement budget by comparing housing, transportation, food, entertainment and health care costs in that area to what you’re paying now. See if you can stick to that new budget for a few months while still working.

No matter your age, Hoskin said, stick to some basic rules to achieve financial security: “You still need to spend less than you make, save a significant portion of your income, locate that money in the correct accounts, and invest it for the future,” he said. “That is the cycle that creates generational wealth.”

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Disability advocates sue Social Security and DOGE to stop service cuts

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A Social Security Administration (SSA) office in Washington, DC, March 26, 2025. 

Saul Loeb | Afp | Getty Images

A group of disability advocates filed a federal lawsuit against the Social Security Administration and the so-called Department of Government Efficiency on Wednesday aimed at stopping cuts to the agency’s services.

Recent changes at the Social Security Administration under DOGE — including staff reductions, the elimination of certain offices and new requirements to seek in-person services — have made it more difficult for individuals with disabilities and older adults to access benefits, the lawsuit argues.

The complaint was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia.

The plaintiffs include the National Federation of the Blind, the American Association of People with Disabilities, Deaf Equality, the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare, the Massachusetts Senior Action Council and individual beneficiaries.

“The defendants’ actions are an unprecedented and unconstitutional assault on Social Security benefits, concealed beneath the hollow pretense of bureaucratic ‘reform,'” the complaint states.

In nine weeks, the new administration has “upended” the agency with “sweeping and destabilizing policy changes,” the plaintiffs claim, that have shifted agency functions to local offices while slashing telephone services.

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“The result is a systematic dismantling of SSA’s core functions, leaving millions of beneficiaries without the essential benefits they are legally entitled to,” the lawsuit complaint states.

The “mass restructuring” of the agency is unlawful and violates the Rehabilitation Act and the Administrative Procedure Act, the lawsuit argues. The changes also violate multiple constitutional provisions, including the First Amendment right to petition the government for redress of grievances, according to the plaintiffs.

With 1.1 million disability claims pending, the recent actions could also be life threatening to individuals who are dying or going bankrupt while waiting for decisions, they allege.

The Social Security Administration did not respond to CNBC’s request for comment.

“President Trump has made it clear he is committed to making the federal government more efficient,” White House spokesperson Liz Huston said in an email statement. “He has the authority to manage agency restructuring and workforce reductions, and the administration’s actions are fully compliant with the law.”

Lawsuit alleges reform is ‘administrative vandalism’

People hold signs during a protest against cuts made by U.S. President Donald Trump’s administration to the Social Security Administration, in White Plains, New York, U.S., March 22, 2025. 

Nathan Layne | Reuters

The Social Security Administration sends monthly checks to around 73 million Social Security and Supplemental Security Income beneficiaries.

DOGE, which is not an official government entity, has been tasked with cutting “waste, fraud and abuse” within the federal government. President Donald Trump issued an executive order creating DOGE on Jan. 20, the same day he was inaugurated.

Since then, the Social Security Administration has cut 7,000 employee positions and closed the Office of Civil Rights and Equal Opportunity and the Office of Transformation. The Office of Civil Rights and Equal Opportunity handled the agency’s equal employment opportunity and civil rights programs. The Office of Transformation was responsible for coordinating customer service-related initiatives like adding the ability to use digital signatures and electronic documents.

The Social Security Administration has also changed its identity proofing policies for claiming benefits and changing direct deposit information that is expected to require more individuals to visit the agency’s offices in person.

The agency has updated its policy, allowing individuals applying for Social Security Disability Insurance, Medicare, or Supplemental Security Income who cannot use a personal my Social Security account to complete their claim entirely over the telephone, starting April 14. 

The reforms amount to the dismantling of “core functions of SSA, abandoning millions of Americans to poverty and indignity,” according to the plaintiffs’ complaint.

“What the defendants frame as ‘reform’ is, in truth, administrative vandalism,” the lawsuit states.

Beneficiaries face long waits, overpayment issues

The plaintiffs include seven individuals whose experiences, including long customer service waits and, in some cases, demands to repay large sums to the Social Security Administration, are detailed in the complaint.

One plaintiff, Treva Olivero, who has been legally blind since birth, was informed in March 2024 that she had been overpaid Social Security disability insurance benefits for five or six years, prompting the agency to demand she repay more than $100,000, according to the complaint.

Olivero’s Medicaid coverage was also terminated soon after, which left her without income and health coverage. She has since been in an “ongoing struggle” to have her disability benefits reinstated, while also facing almost $80,000 in medical debt, according to the complaint.

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Another plaintiff, Merry Schoch, who received Social Security disability insurance for many years, returned to work to help pay for large medical bills after she was hit by a waste management truck in 2022. She reported her income to the Social Security Administration, and the agency made no changes to her benefit payments, according to the complaint.

Two years later, Schoch stopped working and reported her unemployment to the Social Security Administration. In August 2024, the agency then terminated her benefits and informed Schoch that she owed $30,000 for the disability benefit payments she received while working full time, according to the complaint.

Last September, Schoch was informed she could reapply for benefits. However, she has since struggled to get in touch with the agency over the phone, online and in person. 

Both Olivero and Schoch are members of the National Federation of the Blind, which is also a plaintiff.

The plaintiffs want the court to reverse the Social Security Administration’s recent reforms, including staff reductions, closures of certain offices and policies requiring in-person appointments.

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Amid trade turmoil, ‘you do not want to time the market’

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Pres. Trump unveils sweeping tariffs: Here's what to know

As President Donald Trump rolls out sweeping new tariffs on goods imported into the United States, Americans are growing increasingly pessimistic about their financial fate.

Consumers worry that the duties will cause inflation to flare up again, while investors fear that higher prices will mean lower profits and more pain for the battered stock market

As of Thursday morning, futures tied to the Dow Jones Industrial Average were down 1,200 points, or 2.8%. S&P 500 futures sank 3.4%, and Nasdaq-100 futures lost 4%.

But sharp drops — or sudden spikes — in the market are to be expected, according to Jean Chatzky, CEO of HerMoney.com and host of the podcast HerMoney with Jean Chatzky.

“With these volatile markets, you do not want to time the market,” she said of the old adage. “Timing the market doesn’t work — it’s time in the market.”

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Trade tensions, inflation and concerns about a possible recession have undermined consumer confidence across the board, several studies show.

Still, it’s normal for most Americans to feel unnerved during heightened volatility, Chatzky said.

“There’s very little doubt that consumers are feeling nervous, maybe more nervous than we’ve felt in quite some time,” she said.

Committing to setting money aside in a high-yield savings account, whether by scaling back on dining out or rideshare expenses, will help regain some financial control, Chatzky said.

Top-yielding online savings accounts currently pay 4.4%, on average, well beyond the savings account rates at some of the largest retail banks, which average just 0.41%.

“Taking action is the best way to feel more resilient,” she said.

It’s understandable why some may be hesitant to continue investing, however, when you are investing for the long term, a down market is an opportunity for dollar-cost averaging, which helps smooth out price fluctuations in the market, Chatzky said.

This is also a good time to check your investments to make sure you are still allocated properly and rebalance as needed, so you are not taking on more risk that you are comfortable with, she added.

Timing the market is a losing bet

Talk yourself down from making any sudden financial moves, Chatzky advised.

Trying to time the market is almost always a bad idea, other financial experts also say. That’s because it’s impossible to know when good and bad days will happen.

For example, the 10 best trading days by percentage gain for the S&P 500 over the past three decades all occurred during recessions, often in close proximity to the worst days, according to a Wells Fargo analysis published last year.

And, although stocks go up and down, the S&P 500 index has an average annualized return of around 10% over the past few decades.

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How to file for a free tax extension if you can’t make April 15 deadline

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Galina Zhigalova | Moment | Getty Images

If you can’t file your taxes by the April 15 deadline, there’s a free, easy way to submit a federal tax extension online, experts say.  

Nearly 1 in 3 American admit that they procrastinate when it comes filing their taxes, according to a January survey of more than 1,000 U.S. filers from IPX1031, an investment property exchange service. In addition, about 25% do not feel prepared to file their taxes, the survey found.

As of March 21, the IRS received roughly 80 million individual returns of the 140 million expected this filing season, the agency’s latest reporting shows.

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Many natural disaster victims have an automatic tax extension, which varies by jurisdiction. Military members serving in a combat zone also have more time to file. 

However, the federal tax deadline for the majority of taxpayers is April 15. It’s possible to push that due date to Oct. 15 by filing for an extension.

But “it’s an extension to file, not an extension to pay,” said Jo Anna Fellon, managing director at financial services firm CBIZ.

“It’s an extension to file, not an extension to pay.”

After the tax deadline, you will start incurring the failure-to-pay penalty of 0.5% of your unpaid taxes for each month or partial month that your taxes remain unpaid. The failure-to-pay penalty has a maximum charge of 25% of your unpaid taxes.

That’s cheaper than the failure-to-file penalty, which applies when you don’t submit your return by the deadline. The failure-to-file penalty is 5% of unpaid taxes monthly, also limited to 25%.

But you’ll also owe interest on your unpaid balance, which is currently 7% and accrues daily after April 15.

You can estimate your taxes owed by creating a “pro forma return” — or mock version of your filing — using as many tax forms as possible, Fellon said.

The ‘easiest way’ to file an extension

There are a few free options to file a tax extension.

For federal taxes, you can complete Form 4868 and mail it to the IRS. But it’s better to file digitally to avoid processing delays amid the agency’s shrinking workforce, experts say. Paper filing can also increase fraud risk, they say.

The “easiest way” is by choosing “extension” when making a payment for 2024, which automatically submits Form 4868, according to Tommy Lucas, a certified financial planner and enrolled agent at Moisand Fitzgerald Tamayo in Orlando, Florida.

“It takes all of five minutes,” and you can double-check the transaction via your IRS online account, he said.

IRS Direct Pay

Internal Revenue Service

Alternatively, you can file your extension for free online via IRS Free File, a public-private partnership between the IRS and several tax software companies.   

For the 2025 season, you can use IRS Free File for returns if your adjusted gross income, or AGI, was $84,000 or less in 2024. But there’s no income limit to file an extension, Lucas said.

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