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AI Leaders on: 2025 and AI regulation

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While AI is still in the wild west phase that many new technologies go through, as the technology has spread there have been increasing calls from both organizations and individuals to make the field slightly less wild. Not so much that it completely kills the innovation and vibrancy of this burgeoning field, but enough that series players will feel safe entering this space without being worried they’re putting themselves at risk. 

In particular, our experts are interested in measures that can improve the transparency and accountability of AI systems, such as clear labeling of AI-generated content, the ability to trace the model’s decision-making process, and disclosure of the data and algorithms involved. There was also strong support for ensuring these systems are explainable and, especially important for the accounting community, auditable. 

“An AI regulation that emphasizes transparency in the training of large language models (LLMs) would be highly beneficial. Understanding how these models are trained, including the data sources and methodologies used, is crucial for ensuring accountability and trust in AI systems. This transparency would be particularly advantageous in fields like accounting, where leveraging AI to enhance audit quality requires a clear understanding of how AI decisions are made,” said Mike Gerhard, chief data and AI officer with BDO USA. 

Respondents also expressed strong support for regulations aligned with principles-based or risk-based approaches, such as the EU AI Act, which focus on safety, fairness and non-discrimination while still providing space for innovation. This is especially important given the stakes involved with AI’s ascendency, especially for traditionally marginalized communities. 

“I believe we need to get ahead of the eight ball when it comes to the ethical issues stemming from AI’s inherent bias problem. When we let AI perform tasks such as sifting through resumes, making creditworthiness decisions, or assessing job interviews, we ought to be sure it does so without (hidden) biases. Part of this problem is on the vendor side, but part of this ought to be codified (and thus protected) by law,” said Pascal Finette, founder and CEO of training and advisory firm Be Radical. 

At the same time, virtually everyone cautioned against going too hard on regulation, especially at this early stage of the technology’s evolution.

“As further governance emerges, I hope we don’t see overly restrictive rules that stifle creativity and progress. Rather, I’d love to see further regulations that strike the right balance between ensuring the ethical and secure use of AI while encouraging innovation. Public-private partnerships and feedback loops from organizations doing the assessments will be crucial in getting that right,” said Avani Desai, CEO of Top 50 firm Schellman.

Will we see more focus on AI regulation in 2025? Well, the only thing we know for sure is we don’t know anything for sure. But we can make educated guesses. While no one outright said we’d definitely see new regulations rolled out, some predicted scandals that would likely draw attention to the need for further oversight for AI systems. 

“AI’s capability will continue to evolve. The cost of using AI (e.g., Open AI’s API service) will continue to go down. There will be more AI applications. At the same time, we will also see more AI-related negative incidents, particularly those that raise important ethical concerns and debates,” said Abigail Zhang-Parker, an accounting professor at the University of Texas at San Antonio. 

Overall, when asked for their most confident predictions, many said the widespread integration of AI into workflows will accelerate, especially given the rising prevalence of autonomous AI agents with limited decision-making power. The rise of these virtual workers are widely predicted to increase productivity and efficiency at firms. At the same time, some experts warned how this might shift employment dynamics, as well as increase risk of ethical dilemmas. 

“I am confident that AI will either reduce the number of new hires the largest accounting firms plan to hire or lead to further staff reductions, if not both. The largest firms have planned for this stage of AI for years and they thought this day would come sooner. They know they can do more with less. I’m also quite confident we’ll see a scandal where a firm misuses AI or subjugates its judgment to AI that leads to a fraud or material error getting through an audit.  We’ve already seen this occur in the legal field. It’s only a matter of time until it happens to an accounting firm,” said Jack Castonguay, a Hofstra University accounting professor and the vice president of learning and development at Surgent. 

In this, the second of three parts, we look at our experts’ answers to: 

  • What is an AI regulation you’d love to see? What is an AI regulation you’d hate to see?
  • What AI prediction for 2025 are you most certain of? Something you are very confident we’ll all see next year?

We’ll have our third and final part—where we get into one of the more esoteric aspects of AI—next week.

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Accounting

XcelLabs launches to help accountants use AI

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Jody Padar, an author and speaker known as “The Radical CPA,” and Katie Tolin, a growth strategist for CPAs, together launched a training and technology platform called XcelLabs.

XcelLabs provides solutions to help accountants use artificial technology fluently and strategically. The Pennsylvania Institute of CPAs and CPA Crossings joined with Padar and Tolin as strategic partners and investors.

“To reinvent the profession, we must start by training the professional who can then transform their firms,” Padar said in a statement. “By equipping people with data and insights that help them see things differently, they can provide better advice to their clients and firm.”

Padar-Jody- new 2019

Jody Padar

The platform includes XcelLabs Academy, a series of educational online courses on the basics of AI, being a better advisor, leadership and practice management; Navi, a proprietary tool that uses AI to help accountants turn unstructured data like emails, phone calls and meetings into insights; and training and consulting services. These offerings are currently in beta testing.

“Accountants know they need to be more advisory, but not everyone can figure out how to do it,” Tolin said in a statement. “Couple that with the fact that AI will be doing a lot of the lower-level work accountants do today, and we need to create that next level advisor now. By showing accountants how to unlock patterns in their actions and turn client conversations into emotionally intelligent advice, we can create the accounting professional of the future.”

Tolin-Katie-CPA Growth Guides

Katie Tolin

“AI is transforming how CPAs work, and XcelLabs is focused on helping the profession evolve with it,” PICPA CEO Jennifer Cryder said in a statement. “At PICPA, we’re proud to support a mission that aligns so closely with ours: empowering firms to use AI not just for efficiency, but to drive growth, value and long-term relevance.”

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Accounting

Accounting is changing, and the world can’t wait until 2026

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The accountant the world urgently needs has evolved far beyond the traditional role we recognized just a few years ago. 

The transformation of the accounting profession is not merely an anticipated change; it is a pressing reality that is currently shaping business decisions, academic programs and the expected contributions of professionals. Yet, in many areas, accounting education stubbornly clings to outdated, overly technical models that fail to connect with the actual demands of the market. We must confront a critical question: If we continue to train accountants solely to file tax reports, are we truly equipping them for the challenges of today’s world? 

This shift in mindset extends beyond individual countries or educational systems; it is a global movement. The recent announcement of the CIMA/CGMA 2026 syllabus has made it unmistakably clear: merely knowing how to post journal entries is insufficient. Today’s accountants are required to interpret the landscape, anticipate risks and act with strategic awareness. Critical thinking, sustainable finance, technology and human behavior are not just supplementary topics; they are essential components in the education of any professional seeking to remain relevant. 

The CIMA/CGMA proposal for 2026 is not just a curriculum update; it is a powerful manifesto. This new program positions analytical thinking, strategic business partnering and technology application at the core of accounting education. It unequivocally highlights sustainability, aligning with IFRS S1 and S2, and expands the accountant’s responsibilities beyond mere numbers to encompass conscious leadership, environmental impact and corporate governance. 

The current changes in the accounting profession underscore an urgent shift in expectations from both educators and employers. Today, companies of all sizes and industries demand accountants who can do far more than interpret balance sheets. They expect professionals who grasp the deeper context behind the numbers, identify inconsistencies, anticipate potential issues before they escalate into losses, and act decisively as a bridge between data and decision making. 

To meet these expectations, a radical mindset shift is essential. There are firms still operating on autopilot, mindlessly repeating tasks with minimal critical analysis. Likewise, many academic programs continue to treat accounting as purely a technical discipline, disregarding the vital elements of reflection, strategy and behavioral insight. This outdated approach creates a significant mismatch. While the world forges ahead, parts of the accounting profession remain stuck in the past. 

The consequences of this shift are already becoming evident. The demand for compliance, transparency and sustainability now applies not only to large corporations but also to small and mid-sized businesses. Many of these organizations rely on professionals ill-equipped to drive the necessary changes, putting both business performance and the reputation of the profession at risk. 

The positive news is that accountants who are ready to thrive in this new era do not necessarily need additional degrees. What they truly need is a commitment to awareness, a dedication to continuous learning, and the courage to step beyond their comfort zones. The future of accounting is here, and it is firmly rooted in analytical, strategic and human-oriented perspectives. The 2026 curriculum is a clear indication of the changes underway. Those who fail to think critically and holistically will be left behind. 

In contrast, accountants who see the big picture, understand the ripple effects of their decisions, and actively contribute to the financial and ethical health of organizations will undeniably remain indispensable, anywhere in the world.

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Accounting

Republicans push Musk aside as Trump tax bill barrels forward

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Congressional Republicans are siding with Donald Trump in the messy divorce between the president and Elon Musk, an optimistic sign for eventual passage of a tax cut bill at the root of the two billionaires’ public feud.

Lawmakers are largely taking their cues from Trump and sticking by the $3 trillion bill at the center of the White House’s economic agenda. Musk, the biggest political donor of the 2024 cycle, has threatened to help primary anyone who votes for the legislation, but lawmakers are betting that staying in the president’s good graces is the safer path to political survival.

“The tax bill is not in jeopardy. We are going to deliver on that,” House Speaker Mike Johnson told reporters on Friday.

“I’ll tell you what — do not doubt, don’t second guess and do not challenge the President of the United States Donald Trump,” he added. “He is the leader of the party. He’s the most consequential political figure of our time.”

A fight between Trump and Musk exploded into public view this week. The sparring started with the tech titan calling the president’s tax bill a “disgusting abomination,” but quickly escalated to more personal attacks and Trump threatening to cancel all federal contracts and subsidies to Musk’s companies, such as Tesla Inc. and SpaceX which have benefitted from government ties.

Republicans on Capitol Hill, who had —  until recently — publicly embraced Musk, said they weren’t swayed by the billionaire’s criticism that the bill cost too much. Lawmakers have refuted official estimates of the package, saying that the tax cuts for households, small businesses and politically important groups — including hospitality and hourly workers — will generate enough economic growth to offset the price tag.

“I don’t tell my friend Elon, I don’t argue with him about how to build rockets, and I wish he wouldn’t argue with me about how to craft legislation and pass it,” Johnson told CNBC earlier Friday.

House Budget Committee Chair Jodey Arrington told reporters that House lawmakers are focused on working with the Senate as it revises the bill to make sure the legislation has the political support in both chambers to make it to Trump’s desk for his signature. 

“We move past the drama and we get the substance of what is needed to make the modest improvements that can be made,” he said.

House fiscal hawks said that they hadn’t changed their prior positions on the legislation based on Musk’s statements. They also said they agree with GOP leaders that there will be other chances to make further spending cuts outside the tax bill. 

Representative Tom McClintock, a fiscal conservative, said “the bill will pass because it has to pass,” adding that both Musk and Trump needed to calm down. “They both need to take a nap,” he said.

Even some of the House bill’s most vociferous critics appeared resigned to its passage. Kentucky Representative Thomas Massie, who voted against the House version, predicted that despite Musk’s objections, the Senate will make only small changes.

“The speaker is right about one thing. This barely passed the House. If they muck with it too much in the Senate, it may not pass the House again,” he said.

Trump is pressuring lawmakers to move at breakneck speed to pass the tax-cut bill, demanding they vote on the bill before the July 4 holiday. The president has been quick to blast critics of the bill — including calling Senator Rand Paul “crazy” for objecting to the inclusion of a debt ceiling increase in the package.

As the legislation worked its way through the House last month, Trump took to social media to criticize holdouts and invited undecided members to the White House to compel them to support the package. It passed by one vote.

Senate Majority Leader John Thune — who is planning to unveil his chamber’s version of the bill as soon as next week — said his timeline is unmoved by Musk. 

“We are already pretty far down the trail,” he said.

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