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Schools use financial literacy to teach risks

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Playing offense on teen betting: Here's what you need to know

Ulysses Fitzgerald, a high school senior in Smyrna, Tennessee, said he thought sports betting would be an easy way to make money. He said he’d seen ads and influencers promoting big wins.

“This guy won like $5,000 because he predicted that this player wouldn’t get this many points,” Fitzgerald said of one influencer’s post. “I was like, that seems like free money.”

After watching that “winner” on YouTube, Fitzgerald took $25 he received for his 18th birthday to place his first bet. That led to more bets with progressively larger sums, but big winnings never materialized. “I was losing way more than I was making,” he said. 

Fitzgerald soon quit, and said he had worried he could become addicted.

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As the NCAA men’s and women’s tournament Final Four semifinals get underway this weekend, experts say many teenagers are playing another high-stakes game off the court: gambling.

U.S. gambling laws vary by state and activity, but minors are not legally allowed to participate. Most casinos and sports betting platforms require users to be at least 21.

Yet 36% of surveyed teenage boys between the ages of 11 and 17 say they gambled at some point in the prior year, according to a January report by Common Sense Media. For those who are 17 or older, the number rises to 49%.

The nonprofit, which provides media and technology ratings for families, polled 1,017 boys in July.

About 83% of teachers said they had recently observed or heard of their students participating in online gambling or sports betting, according to a new survey by Next Gen Personal Finance, a nonprofit focused on providing financial education to middle and high school students. NGPF surveyed 1,004 educators in November.

Wally Luckeydoo teaches personal finance at Smyrna High School in Tennessee.

Courtesy: Sandra Sisavath

“You’re seeing the advertising all the time at all the sporting events, but they’re not really seeing all the losses that occur,” said Wally Luckeydoo, who teaches personal finance at Smyrna High School outside of Nashville, Tennessee. Fitzgerald, who is one of Luckeydoo’s students, said he better understood the risks after learning about betting in class.

To skirt age restrictions on online gambling, students may be borrowing credentials of older family members, betting on offshore platforms or using fake IDs, teachers CNBC spoke with said.

“The legal sports betting industry is unequivocal in its zero tolerance for underage illegal betting,” Joe Maloney, president of the Sports Betting Alliance, said in an email. The advocacy group’s members include BetMGM, DraftKings and FanDuel, among others. Maloney said legal operators use age-verification technology and prohibit underage users from accessing another person’s account.

“We are very supportive of efforts to raise awareness around responsible gaming, including for those who are too young to access our platforms,” he said.

Betting platforms typically outline age restrictions in their terms and help pages, along with tools for reporting underage use.

Sportsbook platform FanDuel, for example, notes that it “verifies all accounts for age and eligibility.” According to a page on its site about parental controls, “If a minor is found playing on FanDuel, then that account will be closed.”

App PrizePicks’ responsible gaming page says the company is “committed to protecting minors and promoting responsible play.”

Lessons on sports betting focus on risk 

Teacher Brian Suhovsky demonstrates the odds of winning roulette to a student.

CNBC

Chatter among students about parlays, point spreads and predictions has prompted some teachers to make gambling lessons a critical component of their personal finance courses.

Brian Suhovsky, who teaches math and personal finance at New York’s AECI 1 Charter School in the Bronx, said listening to students talk mostly about their bets inspired him to teach about the risks.

“Every single student is telling you about their latest win,” said Suhovsky, but that is “missing the point.”

“What about all the stuff we just lost?” he said.

Some teachers use lesson plans from Next Gen Personal Finance or the Federal Reserve, along with resources like simulator tools and their own creativity, to demonstrate the risks of sports betting. “We’re actually teaching you in the classroom about what could potentially happen to you if you were to get addicted to this,” Luckeydoo said. 

Gen Z investors' lessons learned since 2021 meme stock mania

Suhovsky brought in a roulette wheel to show his students firsthand what it feels like to win — or, more likely, to lose. He said he used math to break down the probability of picking a winning color and number, and to illustrate the house edge, showing how the odds are designed to favor the casino over time.

Comparing short-term outcomes of betting to long-term outcomes of investing is also a key lesson — one that Suhovsky said seems to sink in with his students. 

“When it comes to stocks, you accumulate your money over the years,” said senior Jeanine Loko. “It’s not as risky.” 

Sophomore Joseph Mayo said some teens see gambling as “a way to make money a little bit. But it’s also a way for them to lose money, and it could also build bad habits growing up.”

“I don’t think it should be something that’s your main income,” Mayo said. “That’s just a way to ruin your life.”

Schools play catch-up on personal finance education

Value of a financial education: Why more schools are providing financial literacy classes

After Utah led the way in 2008, 30 states now require students to take a semester-long personal finance course to graduate. Utah is one of the few states that makes it standard to teach the differences between saving, investing, speculation and gambling.

Oklahoma and Wisconsin have also included understanding gambling in their academic standards. Last year, Massachusetts launched the country’s first youth sports betting prevention curriculum, but it’s not part of a personal finance course.

In New York, where Suhovsky teaches, the state Board of Regents recently approved a requirement that students in kindergarten through 12th grade receive personal finance education. That requirement, which will be phased in starting this fall, mandates that high school students receive instruction before graduation on topics including budgeting, credit, debt management and investing.

Though the measure does not specifically include gambling, the curriculum does call for educators to cover risk management — understanding the potential downsides of financial decisions and how to limit losses.

Suhovsky said he thinks the financial and psychological consequences of sports betting and gambling should be taught in every high school: “If we’re not teaching about this to our students, our most vulnerable students, when are you going to teach it to them?” 

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Personal Finance

Navigating Residential Real Estate and Mortgage Strategy

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The 2026 residential real estate market presents a nuanced landscape for homebuyers, current homeowners, and property investors. With benchmark mortgage rates adjusting alongside Treasury yield movements, real estate strategies require careful evaluation of borrowing costs, local market supply dynamics, and long-term home equity management.

Adapting Homebuying Strategies to Mortgage Dynamics
Prospective homebuyers are adapting to fixed 30-year mortgage rates hovering between 6.0% and 6.8%. While borrowing costs are elevated compared to historical lows seen in prior decades, moderating home price growth across several regional markets is creating selective opportunities for buyers with strong credit profiles.

Homebuyers are increasingly utilizing strategic mortgage options:
– Builder Rate Buydowns: Purchasing new construction homes where developers offer temporary or permanent interest rate buydowns to lower initial monthly payments.
– Adjustable-Rate Mortgages (ARMs): Selecting 5/1 or 7/1 hybrid ARMs with strict rate caps for short-to-medium-term housing plans.
– Points and Financing Structure: Evaluating upfront discount point purchases to secure lower fixed interest rates over the loan term.

Home Equity Utilization and Renovation Financing
For existing homeowners holding low-rate legacy mortgages, moving to a new property often entails relinquishing favorable debt terms. Consequently, many homeowners are choosing to renovate and expand existing properties rather than sell.

Home Equity Lines of Credit (HELOCs) and home equity loans allow homeowners to access accumulated property equity for capital improvements without disturbing their primary mortgage rate. Utilizing home equity for value-adding property renovations can enhance living space while increasing long-term property values.

Strategic Real Estate Investment Guidelines
For residential property investors, achieving positive cash flow requires strict underwriting standards:
– Stress-Test Operating Expenses: Factor in rising property insurance premiums, local property taxes, and ongoing maintenance reserves.
– Focus on High-Growth Rental Markets: Target regions experiencing steady job growth and sustained tenant demand.
– Maintain Cash Buffers: Ensure property portfolios maintain dedicated emergency reserves to navigate unexpected vacancy periods or major repairs.

Actionable Homeownership Steps
1. Evaluate Complete Monthly Housing Costs: Assess property taxes, homeowners insurance, and HOA fees alongside principal and interest.
2. Leverage Renovation Equity Carefully: Utilize equity loans strategically for renovations that generate long-term property value.
3. Prioritize Credit Score Optimization: Secure top-tier credit scores prior to mortgage pre-approval to qualify for competitive lender pricing tiers.

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Personal Finance

$20,000 Caution Bond Requirement for US Visa Applications imposed on 50 Countries

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The United States Department of State has officially implemented a revised visa policy introducing a mandatory posting requirement for caution payments of up to $20,000 on select foreign travel applications. Under the updated regulatory framework, consular officials are authorized to require temporary nonimmigrant visa applicants from targeted foreign countries to post a refundable financial bond of $20,000 as a condition for visa issuance. The policy mechanism is designed to address diplomatic concerns regarding high overstay rates among temporary visitor, business, and educational visa categories.

The caution bond pilot program applies selectively to foreign nationals from designated countries whose diplomatic entities record historical visa overstay rates exceeding established federal thresholds. Under administrative guidelines published by the State Department, the full financial deposit is posted directly to a dedicated federal escrow account prior to final visa issuance. The entire caution payment is automatically refunded to the applicant upon verified proof of timely departure from the United States in strict compliance with the authorized duration of stay. Conversely, failure to depart within the legal timeframe results in full forfeiture of the posted financial bond to the United States government.

Diplomatic representatives and travel policy experts have expressed varying perspectives regarding the operational implementation of the caution bond system. Administration officials emphasize that the measure serves as an effective, market-based incentive to enforce international travel compliance and preserve domestic immigration security standards. However, international trade organizations and foreign diplomatic missions have raised concerns regarding the financial burden imposed on legitimate business travelers, foreign students, and commercial partners from developing nations.

The United States finalized the rule to make the temporary visa bond program permanent, taking effect on August 3, 2026. The updated permanent regulation replaces the prior 12-month pilot, eliminates the lowest $5,000 tier, and raises the maximum required bond amount to $20,000 for specific B-1/B-2 business and tourist visa applicants.

Here is the list of the 50 countries on the list as o August 3, 2026

African Nations (31 Countries)

  • Algeria
  • Angola
  • Benin
  • Botswana
  • Burundi
  • Cabo Verde (Cape Verde)
  • Central African Republic
  • Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
  • Djibouti
  • Ethiopia
  • Gabon
  • The Gambia
  • Ghana
  • Guinea
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Lesotho
  • Malawi
  • Mauritania
  • Mauritius
  • Mozambique
  • Namibia
  • Nigeria
  • São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Senegal
  • Seychelles
  • Tanzania
  • Togo
  • Tunisia
  • Uganda
  • Zambia
  • Zimbabwe

Asian & Eastern European Nations (11 Countries)

  • Bangladesh
  • Bhutan
  • Cambodia
  • Georgia
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Mongolia
  • Nepal
  • Papua New Guinea
  • Tajikistan
  • Turkmenistan
  • Uzbekistan

Caribbean & Latin American Nations (5 Countries)

  • Antigua and Barbuda
  • Cuba
  • Dominica
  • Grenada
  • Venezuela

Oceanian Nations (3 Countries)

  • Fiji
  • Tonga
  • Vanuatu

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Next-Generation Retirement Planning: Managing Longevity Risk and Variable Income Streams

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Retirement planning strategies are evolving in 2026 to address increased life expectancies, shifting dynamic market conditions, and the transition away from traditional defined-benefit pensions. Individual investors and financial advisors are abandoning rigid retirement models in favor of flexible, multi-asset strategies designed to mitigate longevity risk and preserve purchasing power over multi-decade retirement horizons.

Mitigating Longevity Risk with Dynamic Asset Allocation
As average life expectancies extend past eighty-five years, one of the primary financial risks facing retirees is outliving their accumulated wealth. Traditional fixed income allocations—such as the standard 60/40 equity-to-bond portfolio—are being reevaluated to ensure portfolios generate sufficient capital growth alongside reliable income.

Financial planners recommend maintaining a meaningful equity allocation throughout retirement to offset long-term inflation erosion. High-dividend equity funds, global real estate investment trusts (REITs), and inflation-indexed Treasuries are combined to create diversified portfolios that deliver both growth and income stability.

The Transition to Dynamic Withdrawal Strategies
The classic “4% safe withdrawal rule” is increasingly replaced by dynamic withdrawal strategies that adapt annually based on market performance. Under a dynamic withdrawal framework, retirees adjust their annual distribution rates within pre-set caps and floors:
– Market Upside: During strong market returns, retirees can increase discretionary spending or fund family legacy gifts.
– Market Downturns: During market pullbacks, spending distributions are temporarily reduced to prevent sequence-of-returns risk and preserve core investment principal.

Guaranteed Lifetime Income Options and Deferred Annuities
To establish a guaranteed baseline for essential living expenses, individuals are incorporating modern fixed-indexed and deferred longevity annuities into their broader retirement architectures. Modern annuity structures offer competitive return caps, transparent fee schedules, and inflation-adjustment options.

By funding essential expenses—such as housing, healthcare, and insurance—with guaranteed income streams from Social Security, pensions, and annuities, retirees can manage discretionary investment portfolios with greater flexibility and lower emotional stress during market volatility.

Actionable Steps for Future Retirees
1. Calculate Baseline Retirement Expenses: Determine fixed living costs and map guaranteed income sources to cover essential expenditures.
2. Adopt Flexible Withdrawal Rules: Implement dynamic spending rules to protect investment principal against market downturns.
3. Incorporate Inflation-Protected Assets: Maintain exposure to dividend-growing equities and inflation-indexed bonds to safeguard long-term purchasing power.

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