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Tax inflation adjustments continue to shrink

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Inflation adjustments will continue to shrink, according to Bloomberg Tax & Accounting’s 2025 Projected U.S. Tax Rates. 

It projects that inflation-adjusted amounts in the Tax Code will increase 2.8% in 2025 — roughly half the increase in 2024 and down from 7.1% in 2023. Bloomberg Tax’s annual report estimates potential tax savings as a result of changes in deduction limitations, tax brackets and other thresholds. 

The report accounts for changes made under the SECURE 2.0 Act that affect tax planning for corporate taxpayers in certain industries, such as the increase in the threshold amount for qualified salary reduction arrangements under Section 408(p) from $5,000 to $5,100, and the increase in the qualified long-term care distribution amount under Section 401(a) from $2,500 to $2,600.  

This year’s report projects that several deductions for taxpayers will see notable year-over-year increases. Foreign earned income exclusion increasing from $1126,500 to $130,000, and the annual exclusion for gifts increasing from $18,000 to $19,000, will allow taxpayers to increase their gifts without tax implications.

Federal Reserve building in Washington, D.C.

Other key adjustments, with comparisons of the 2024 amounts and 2025 projections, include:

Individual income tax rate brackets

Married Filing Jointly and Surviving Spouses

2024 Tax Rate Bracket Income Ranges Projected 2025 Tax Rate Bracket Income Ranges
10% – $0 to $23,200 10% – $0 to $23,850
12% – Over $23,200 to $94,300 12% – Over $23,850 to $96,950
22% – Over $94,300 to $201,050 22% – Over $96,950 to $206,700
24% – Over $201,050 to $383,900 24% – Over $206,700 to $394,600
32% – Over $383,900 to $487,450 32% – Over $394,600 to $501,050
35% – Over $487,450 to $731,200 35% – Over $501,050 to $751,600
37% – Over $731,200 37% – Over $751,600

Unmarried Individuals (other than Surviving Spouses and Heads of Households)

2024 Tax Rate Bracket Income Ranges Projected 2025 Tax Rate Bracket Income Ranges
10% – $0 to $11,600 10% – $0 to $11,925
12% – Over $11,600 to $47,150 12% – Over $11,925 to $48,475
22% – Over $47,150 to $100,525 22% – Over $48,475 to $103,350
24% – Over $100,525 to $191,950 24% – Over $103,350 to $197,300
32% – Over $191,950 to $243,725 32% – Over $197,300 to $250,525
35% – Over $243,725 to $609,350 35% – Over $250,525 to $626,350
37% – Over $609,350 37% – Over $626,350

Standard deduction

Filing Status 2024 Standard Deduction Projected 2025 Standard Deduction
Married Filing Jointly/Surviving Spouses $29,200 $30,000
Heads of Household $21,900 $22,500
All Other Taxpayers $14,600 $15,000

Alternative minimum tax

Filing Status 2024 AMT Exemption Amount Projected 2025 AMT Exemption Amount
Married Filing Jointly/Surviving Spouses $133,300 $137,000
Unmarried Individuals (other than Surviving Spouses) $85,700 $88,100
Married Filing Separately $66,650 $68,500
Estates and Trusts $29,900 $30,700

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Acting IRS commissioner reportedly replaced

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Gary Shapley, who was named only days ago as the acting commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service, is reportedly being replaced by Deputy Treasury Secretary Michael Faulkender amid a power struggle between Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Elon Musk.

The New York Times reported that Bessent was outraged that Shapley was named to head the IRS without his knowledge or approval and complained to President Trump about it. Shapley was installed as acting commissioner on Tuesday, only to be ousted on Friday. He first gained prominence as an IRS Criminal Investigation special agent and whistleblower who testified in 2023 before the House Oversight Committee that then-President Joe Biden’s son Hunter received preferential treatment during a tax-evasion investigation, and he and another special agent had been removed from the investigation after complaining to their supervisors in 2022. He was promoted last month to senior advisor to Bessent and made deputy chief of IRS Criminal Investigation. Shapley is expected to remain now as a senior official at IRS Criminal Investigation, according to the Wall Street Journal. The IRS and the Treasury Department press offices did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

Faulkender was confirmed last month as deputy secretary at the Treasury Department and formerly worked during the first Trump administration at the Treasury on the Paycheck Protection Program before leaving to teach finance at the University of Maryland.

Faulkender will be the fifth head of the IRS this year. Former IRS commissioner Danny Werfel departed in January, on Inauguration Day, after Trump announced in December he planned to name former Congressman Billy Long, R-Missouri, as the next IRS commissioner, even though Werfel’s term wasn’t scheduled to end until November 2027. The Senate has not yet scheduled a confirmation hearing for Long, amid questions from Senate Democrats about his work promoting the Employee Retention Credit and so-called “tribal tax credits.” The job of acting commissioner has since been filled by Douglas O’Donnell, who was deputy commissioner under Werfel. However, O’Donnell abruptly retired as the IRS came under pressure to lay off thousands of employees and share access to confidential taxpayer data. He was replaced by IRS chief operating officer Melanie Krause, who resigned last week after coming under similar pressure to provide taxpayer data to immigration authorities and employees of the Musk-led U.S. DOGE Service. 

Krause had planned to depart later this month under the deferred resignation program at the IRS, under which approximately 22,000 IRS employees have accepted the voluntary buyout offers. But Musk reportedly pushed to have Shapley installed on Tuesday, according to the Times, and he remained working in the commissioner’s office as recently as Friday morning. Meanwhile, plans are underway for further reductions in the IRS workforce of up to 40%, according to the Federal News Network, taking the IRS from approximately 102,000 employees at the beginning of the year to around 60,000 to 70,000 employees.

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Accounting

On the move: EY names San Antonio office MP

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Carr, Riggs & Ingram appoints CFO and chief legal officer; TSCPA hosts accounting bootcamp; and more news from across the profession.

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Accounting

Tech news: Certinia announces spring release

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Certinia announces spring release; Intuit acquires tech and experts from fintech Deserve; Paystand launches feature to navigate tariffs; and other accounting tech news and updates.

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