A Republican sweep in November’s U.S. election threatens a niche tax break that helps American colleges to upgrade dorms and academic buildings on their campuses for cheap.
There are more than 1,700 private, nonprofit colleges and universities in the U.S. which can sell tax-free bonds for infrastructure projects, providing a lower cost of debt than a traditional loan. After the GOP took the House, Senate and White House, colleges’ tax-exempt benefit is at risk as lawmakers look for ways to offset the cost of extending tax cuts, according to muni analysts.
“The private higher-education sector is probably one of the more vulnerable muni sectors,” as policymakers will likely have it in their sights, said Mikhail Foux, a strategist at Barclays Plc, in a November research note.
Elite colleges have become a target of Republican lawmakers in the wake of controversies over campus antisemitism and protests against the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza. GOP officials also view schools as having become too progressive and intolerant of conservative ideas.
President-elect Donald Trump said schools could lose their accreditations and federal support, while his key backer, Tesla Inc. boss Elon Musk, alleged “something is seriously wrong” with elite universities. Vice President-elect JD Vance last year proposed legislation raising the tax on endowments of the wealthiest colleges.
That rhetoric has sparked concern over a potential repeal of the schools’ bond perk as lawmakers search for new revenue to extend Trump’s 2017 tax cuts. During Trump’s first term, lawmakers proposed curbing the sale of private activity bonds as part of their tax overhaul. Such debt can be issued by public agencies on behalf of colleges, hospitals, airports, affordable housing developers, and other charities and nonprofits.
Chuck Samuels, a lawyer at Mintz, said he’s concerned that private activity bonds could be a target. He works as counsel to the National Association of Health and Educational Facilities Finance Authorities, a group of entities that can sell bonds on behalf of nonprofit borrowers.
Samuels urged non-profits to explain the importance of tax-exempt bonds to their members of Congress. “We’ve been through it before and we need to be ready to deal with it,” he said.
Colleges have roughly $179 billion of tax-exempt debt outstanding, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. The schools often tap the market to finance campus renovations or expansion efforts. From small liberal-arts schools to giant universities, the institutions have been on a borrowing binge this year to spruce up their campuses and lure the next generation of students.
Lower yields
The tax benefit allows them to offer lower yields than benchmark debt. Long-dated, top-rated tax-exempt yields are about 85 basis points lower than 30-year Treasuries, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. Analysts have speculated that any change to the tax-exemption would affect future bond sales. That would make existing tax-free securities more valuable.
To be sure, some municipal bond experts view a reduction in the tax-exemption as less of a possibility. No specific proposal on college bonding has been made. Analysts at Municipal Market Analytics, an independent research firm, said that the private-activity bond statuses are most at risk, followed by an elimination for housing or hospitals.
Curbing the use of tax-exempt muni bonds wouldn’t raise much revenue for the federal government. It is estimated to cost about $3 billion a year to provide the exemption on bonds sold for private nonprofit education facilities, according to the Treasury Department.
If there were restrictions imposed, wealthy institutions like Ivy League schools would likely shift to the taxable bond market, where they already often sell debt. Those deals are typically large and have high credit ratings.
The impact would be most acute on smaller institutions with lower credit ratings, which may have a tougher time accessing that market. Such schools are already pressured by dwindling enrollment and a challenged demographic outlook as the number of high-school seniors declines.
“Reduction or elimination of access to tax-exempt bonds is likely to accelerate the closure of smaller private colleges,” said Malcolm Nimick, president of Ascension Capital Enterprises LLC, a financial advisory firm.
Platform Advisors, the professional services arm of Platform Accounting Group, said Tuesday that Finance à la Carte, a boutique accounting firm specializing in the restaurant industry, has joined its Platform Business Advisors team.
Launched in 2017, Finance à la Carte’s services include running the day-to-day accounting and month-end reporting for restaurants, creating their financial reports, tax returns, recording sales, budgeting, forecasting and more.
Financial terms of the deal were not disclosed.
This is the third hospitality and restaurant-industry focused firm to join Platform Advisors this year. In July, Platform added Silver+Co, a New York-based firm that specializes in the restaurant and food service industry, along with labor and tax regulation in the service space. Earlier this year, Platform acquired three firms in Oregon — James L. Shook CPA PC, Bjorklund & Montplaisir CPAs, and Parsons and Germer CPAs LLP. In 2023, it acquired and rebranded several firms in California, including Alpert & King, R.O.A.D., JHS, and Hamilton & Co.
Finance a la Carte has one founder/partner and 16 staff members. Finance à la Carte owner MaryEllen Georgiadis has spent over two decades managing finance and operations in the hospitality and restaurant industries. Platform now has more than 900 employees, including 72 staff members at Platform Business Advisors.
“We are focused on making sure we have deep subject matter expertise within our network so we can service all of the various types of businesses and industries that need specific financial and accounting advisement,” said Platform Accounting Group CEO Reyes Florez in a statement. “This acquisition brings a best-in-class restaurant-focused team with unmatched experience.”
Tesla Inc.’s electric vehicles would be shut out from consumer rebates under a proposal by California Governor Gavin Newsom, pitting the prospective Democratic presidential hopeful against Republican power player Elon Musk.
Newsom on Monday unveiled plans to offer rebates to EV buyers if US President-elect Donald Trump repeals a federal subsidy. A program California phased out in 2023 could be rebooted in lieu of the $7,500 tax credit, the governor said.
His office told Bloomberg News that the current proposal includes market-share limitations that would exclude Tesla’s popular EV models. The details — including Tesla’s possible omission from the credits — will be negotiated with the state legislature and could change, Newsom’s office said.
“It’s about creating the market conditions for more of these car makers to take root,” according to the governor’s office. It wasn’t immediately clear if other automakers would be excluded.
Musk, Tesla’s billionaire chief executive officer, posted on his X social-media platform that the proposal was “insane,” citing the automaker’s manufacturing presence in the state.
The move would leave market-leading Tesla out of a key incentive program aimed at spurring wider adoption of EVs at a time of slowing growth for all-electric vehicles. Tesla’s models do qualify for the federal credit, which was introduced as part of President Joe Biden’s signature climate bill, the Inflation Reduction Act.
Excluding Tesla could burnish Newsom’s standing on the left as he renews a clash with Musk, who has become a member of Trump’s inner circle and accepted a role helping the incoming administration cut government spending. Musk has said he’s fine with federal subsidies going away.
“This is a slap in Tesla’s face,” Gene Munster, managing partner of Deepwater Asset Management, said of the California proposal.
California tension
Tensions between Musk and Newsom have been strained for years, with the Tesla leader moving the automaker’s headquarters to Texas in 2021, in part citing frustration with California’s politics.
Musk had angrily denounced state orders to close Tesla’s Fremont factory during the COVID-19 pandemic, labeling them “fascist” in an earnings call. When Musk announced the headquarters move, Newsom said Tesla owed some of its success to California.
Tesla still accounts for more than half of all new EVs sold in California, but its grip on the market is slipping. Tesla’s sales in California fell 12.6% during the first three quarters compared with a year earlier, even as overall electric-vehicle sales in the state rose 1%, according to the California New Car Dealers Association. Tesla made 54.5% of all EVs registered in the state during the first three quarters, a significant drop from 63% during the same period last year.
California clashed with Trump frequently on auto emission regulations during the incoming president’s first term, and the state’s leaders have made clear they are now girding for another fight. Newsom already has sought to shield the state’s policies on issues including reproductive rights, climate and immigration from potential threats under a Trump administration.
Trump has long criticized the Biden administration’s efforts to subsidize EVs in a bid to boost adoption of cleaner cars. His transition team is now looking to slash fuel-efficiency requirements for new cars and light trucks as part of plans to unwind Biden policies the president-elect has blasted as an “EV mandate,” Bloomberg News reported last week.
California, as well as states including Oregon and Colorado, currently are exempt from rules that preempt them from enacting their own emissions standards for new vehicles.More than a dozen states representing more than a third of the U.S. auto market now have formally opted to follow California’s rules.
Trump in his first term targeted California’s right to set tougher gas mileage rules than the federal government. He is expected to make another attempt to roll back the California carve out under the 1970 Clean Air Act after taking office in January.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an accounting standards update Tuesday aimed at improving the existing guidance on induced conversions of convertible debt instruments.
The ASU revises the guidance in FASB Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 470-20, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options. The current guidance helps with determining whether a settlement of convertible instruments at terms different from the original conversion terms should be accounted for as an induced conversion (as opposed to a debt extinguishment). But since that guidance was written in the context of share-settled convertible debt instruments, some of FASB’s constituents asked how to apply it to settlements of convertible debt instruments with cash conversion and other features that have become more popular in the marketplace.
Some convertible debt instruments include provisions enabling a debtor to change the terms of the debt to the benefit of debt holders. In some cases, conversion privileges for a convertible debt instrument are changed or extra consideration is paid to debt holders for the purpose of inducing prompt conversion of the debt instrument to equity securities (which is sometimes referred to as a convertible debt sweetener). These kinds of provisions can be general in nature, allowing the debtor or trustee to take actions to protect the interests of the debt holders, or they can be specific, such as specifically authorizing the debtor to temporarily reduce the conversion price for the purpose of inducing a conversion.
The amendments in the update clarify the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments, including convertible debt instruments with cash conversion features or convertible debt instruments that are not currently convertible, should be accounted for as an induced conversion.
The amendments take effect for annual reporting periods starting after Dec. 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, but early adoption is allowed.