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Maximize tax benefits with year-end tax planning for accountants

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As we approach the end of 2024, year-end tax planning is at the forefront of every accountant’s agenda. With changing tax regulations and incentives, staying informed about the latest updates is crucial for optimizing client outcomes. Source Advisors explains some of the most impactful areas accountants should focus on this season to minimize tax deductions.

Bonus depreciation: phasing down, but still relevant

Bonus depreciation is an additional first-year tax deduction that affords many taxpayers significant cash tax savings early on and supports future tax planning strategies. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the bonus is applicable to both acquired and newly constructed assets placed into service after Sept. 28, 2017. While the rate of bonus depreciation continues to phase down, it remains a critical tool for accelerating deductions on qualified property. Unless there is some legislative change, the scheduled phase-down period, presents both opportunities and challenges for 2024:

  • 2024: 60%
  • 2025: 40%
  • 2026:  20%
  • Fully eliminated by 2027.

Accountants may want to ensure their clients maximize current-year benefits and advise them on the timing of asset acquisitions and in-service dates, particularly for significant purchases, in order to take advantage of the higher bonus depreciation rates before they decline further.  

Qualified property includes assets with a MACRS recovery period of 20 years or less, such as decorative lighting and Qualified Improvement Property. Notably, QIP applies to nonstructural, interior improvements made after the building is first placed in service by the taxpayer and remains a key focus area.

Tangible property regulations: the repairs vs. capitalization debate

The tangible property regulations provide guidance for costs incurred to acquire, produce or improve tangible property. Issued in 2013, these regulations are critical to a client’s capitalization, depreciation and expensing procedures for fixed assets.   Proper classification of expenditures under TPRs can result in significant tax savings. Accountants should conduct a detailed annual review of their clients’ capitalization policies,  fixed-asset accounts and current-year expenditures to identify items eligible for expense treatment or the case of assets permanently removed from service,  an evaluation and correct calculation of the partial asset disposition (which must be taken in the tax year of disposition). Some of the best practices include:

  • Repairs: Expenses meeting the “routine maintenance” or “de minimis safe harbor” criteria can be expensed immediately, reducing taxable income.
  • Improvements: Many capitalized items may be eligible for expensing and/bonus depreciation.
  • Dispositions: Current year partial and/or entire asset dispositions are being accounted for. It is important that the client addresses this write-off opportunity in the current year as dispositions cannot be retroactively corrected.

Accountants should revisit prior-year classifications for possible adjustments, especially under the 5-year automatic change rule for Form 3115.

Cost segregation: accelerate depreciation with detailed analysis

Cost segregation studies continue to be a cornerstone of tax strategy for businesses with substantial real estate investments. These studies reclassify components of a building into shorter-lived assets, allowing for accelerated depreciation. 

Many decorative interior finishes and special purpose electrical and mechanical assets may be depreciated over five and seven years with land improvements, or 15 years instead of 27.5 or 39 years for buildings.

Today, cost segregation studies are becoming more complex but increasingly rewarding, particularly for projects involving Qualified Improvement Property. For clients who own nonresidential properties, significant deductions can be recognized when they are performing interior improvements and renovations. Based on thousands of studies, a large portion of our client’s building improvement capex qualifies as QIP.

A thorough review of capitalized assets can identify opportunities for reclassification and ensure compliance with updated regulations. Close consideration should be given to the scope of a study to address the detail not only needed to support assets eligible for accelerated depreciation but also to serve as a reference document to support TPR activities during the ownership period. 

Energy tax incentives: leverage enhanced deductions and credits

The Inflation Reduction Act significantly enhances energy tax incentives, including Sections 179D and 45L, making them a focal point for businesses investing in energy-efficient properties. Energy-efficient buildings and homes offer lucrative opportunities for tax savings:

Accountants should ensure compliance with certification standards and explore these incentives to offset construction and renovation costs.

SALT updates and trends: stay ahead of state-level changes

State and local tax developments continue to reshape compliance requirements:

  • Increasing movement toward flat tax rates;
  • Adjustments to net operating loss limitations, including caps in Illinois and California;
  • Expansion of digital economy taxation; and,
  • Enhanced sin taxes, such as Maryland’s increased tobacco tax and California’s firearms excise tax.

As states adapt to economic pressures, accountants should monitor legislative changes that may impact client liabilities or planning strategies.

Year-end action items for accountants

To prepare clients for the year ahead and ensure they are well-positioned, accountants should consider the following steps:

  1. Review capitalization policies: Update client policies to align with current regulations and optimize expense classifications.
  2. Assess past and current capitalized items: Identify opportunities to reclassify assets or apply safe harbor elections.
  3. Conduct fixed asset reviews: Look for partial asset disposition opportunities, especially for underutilized or retired assets.
  4. Leverage Form 3115: File for permissible accounting method changes where beneficial.
  5. Plan for 2025 capex: Discuss the implications of future capital expenditures, particularly as bonus depreciation phases out.

The 2024 tax environment is rich with opportunities but demands diligence from accountants to navigate effectively. As always, proactive planning and thorough documentation remain essential for compliance and maximizing benefits. For specialized assistance, consider consulting experts in cost segregation, energy tax credits and TPR applications to enhance the overall strategy.

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Accounting

XcelLabs launches to help accountants use AI

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Jody Padar, an author and speaker known as “The Radical CPA,” and Katie Tolin, a growth strategist for CPAs, together launched a training and technology platform called XcelLabs.

XcelLabs provides solutions to help accountants use artificial technology fluently and strategically. The Pennsylvania Institute of CPAs and CPA Crossings joined with Padar and Tolin as strategic partners and investors.

“To reinvent the profession, we must start by training the professional who can then transform their firms,” Padar said in a statement. “By equipping people with data and insights that help them see things differently, they can provide better advice to their clients and firm.”

Padar-Jody- new 2019

Jody Padar

The platform includes XcelLabs Academy, a series of educational online courses on the basics of AI, being a better advisor, leadership and practice management; Navi, a proprietary tool that uses AI to help accountants turn unstructured data like emails, phone calls and meetings into insights; and training and consulting services. These offerings are currently in beta testing.

“Accountants know they need to be more advisory, but not everyone can figure out how to do it,” Tolin said in a statement. “Couple that with the fact that AI will be doing a lot of the lower-level work accountants do today, and we need to create that next level advisor now. By showing accountants how to unlock patterns in their actions and turn client conversations into emotionally intelligent advice, we can create the accounting professional of the future.”

Tolin-Katie-CPA Growth Guides

Katie Tolin

“AI is transforming how CPAs work, and XcelLabs is focused on helping the profession evolve with it,” PICPA CEO Jennifer Cryder said in a statement. “At PICPA, we’re proud to support a mission that aligns so closely with ours: empowering firms to use AI not just for efficiency, but to drive growth, value and long-term relevance.”

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Accounting is changing, and the world can’t wait until 2026

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The accountant the world urgently needs has evolved far beyond the traditional role we recognized just a few years ago. 

The transformation of the accounting profession is not merely an anticipated change; it is a pressing reality that is currently shaping business decisions, academic programs and the expected contributions of professionals. Yet, in many areas, accounting education stubbornly clings to outdated, overly technical models that fail to connect with the actual demands of the market. We must confront a critical question: If we continue to train accountants solely to file tax reports, are we truly equipping them for the challenges of today’s world? 

This shift in mindset extends beyond individual countries or educational systems; it is a global movement. The recent announcement of the CIMA/CGMA 2026 syllabus has made it unmistakably clear: merely knowing how to post journal entries is insufficient. Today’s accountants are required to interpret the landscape, anticipate risks and act with strategic awareness. Critical thinking, sustainable finance, technology and human behavior are not just supplementary topics; they are essential components in the education of any professional seeking to remain relevant. 

The CIMA/CGMA proposal for 2026 is not just a curriculum update; it is a powerful manifesto. This new program positions analytical thinking, strategic business partnering and technology application at the core of accounting education. It unequivocally highlights sustainability, aligning with IFRS S1 and S2, and expands the accountant’s responsibilities beyond mere numbers to encompass conscious leadership, environmental impact and corporate governance. 

The current changes in the accounting profession underscore an urgent shift in expectations from both educators and employers. Today, companies of all sizes and industries demand accountants who can do far more than interpret balance sheets. They expect professionals who grasp the deeper context behind the numbers, identify inconsistencies, anticipate potential issues before they escalate into losses, and act decisively as a bridge between data and decision making. 

To meet these expectations, a radical mindset shift is essential. There are firms still operating on autopilot, mindlessly repeating tasks with minimal critical analysis. Likewise, many academic programs continue to treat accounting as purely a technical discipline, disregarding the vital elements of reflection, strategy and behavioral insight. This outdated approach creates a significant mismatch. While the world forges ahead, parts of the accounting profession remain stuck in the past. 

The consequences of this shift are already becoming evident. The demand for compliance, transparency and sustainability now applies not only to large corporations but also to small and mid-sized businesses. Many of these organizations rely on professionals ill-equipped to drive the necessary changes, putting both business performance and the reputation of the profession at risk. 

The positive news is that accountants who are ready to thrive in this new era do not necessarily need additional degrees. What they truly need is a commitment to awareness, a dedication to continuous learning, and the courage to step beyond their comfort zones. The future of accounting is here, and it is firmly rooted in analytical, strategic and human-oriented perspectives. The 2026 curriculum is a clear indication of the changes underway. Those who fail to think critically and holistically will be left behind. 

In contrast, accountants who see the big picture, understand the ripple effects of their decisions, and actively contribute to the financial and ethical health of organizations will undeniably remain indispensable, anywhere in the world.

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Republicans push Musk aside as Trump tax bill barrels forward

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Congressional Republicans are siding with Donald Trump in the messy divorce between the president and Elon Musk, an optimistic sign for eventual passage of a tax cut bill at the root of the two billionaires’ public feud.

Lawmakers are largely taking their cues from Trump and sticking by the $3 trillion bill at the center of the White House’s economic agenda. Musk, the biggest political donor of the 2024 cycle, has threatened to help primary anyone who votes for the legislation, but lawmakers are betting that staying in the president’s good graces is the safer path to political survival.

“The tax bill is not in jeopardy. We are going to deliver on that,” House Speaker Mike Johnson told reporters on Friday.

“I’ll tell you what — do not doubt, don’t second guess and do not challenge the President of the United States Donald Trump,” he added. “He is the leader of the party. He’s the most consequential political figure of our time.”

A fight between Trump and Musk exploded into public view this week. The sparring started with the tech titan calling the president’s tax bill a “disgusting abomination,” but quickly escalated to more personal attacks and Trump threatening to cancel all federal contracts and subsidies to Musk’s companies, such as Tesla Inc. and SpaceX which have benefitted from government ties.

Republicans on Capitol Hill, who had —  until recently — publicly embraced Musk, said they weren’t swayed by the billionaire’s criticism that the bill cost too much. Lawmakers have refuted official estimates of the package, saying that the tax cuts for households, small businesses and politically important groups — including hospitality and hourly workers — will generate enough economic growth to offset the price tag.

“I don’t tell my friend Elon, I don’t argue with him about how to build rockets, and I wish he wouldn’t argue with me about how to craft legislation and pass it,” Johnson told CNBC earlier Friday.

House Budget Committee Chair Jodey Arrington told reporters that House lawmakers are focused on working with the Senate as it revises the bill to make sure the legislation has the political support in both chambers to make it to Trump’s desk for his signature. 

“We move past the drama and we get the substance of what is needed to make the modest improvements that can be made,” he said.

House fiscal hawks said that they hadn’t changed their prior positions on the legislation based on Musk’s statements. They also said they agree with GOP leaders that there will be other chances to make further spending cuts outside the tax bill. 

Representative Tom McClintock, a fiscal conservative, said “the bill will pass because it has to pass,” adding that both Musk and Trump needed to calm down. “They both need to take a nap,” he said.

Even some of the House bill’s most vociferous critics appeared resigned to its passage. Kentucky Representative Thomas Massie, who voted against the House version, predicted that despite Musk’s objections, the Senate will make only small changes.

“The speaker is right about one thing. This barely passed the House. If they muck with it too much in the Senate, it may not pass the House again,” he said.

Trump is pressuring lawmakers to move at breakneck speed to pass the tax-cut bill, demanding they vote on the bill before the July 4 holiday. The president has been quick to blast critics of the bill — including calling Senator Rand Paul “crazy” for objecting to the inclusion of a debt ceiling increase in the package.

As the legislation worked its way through the House last month, Trump took to social media to criticize holdouts and invited undecided members to the White House to compel them to support the package. It passed by one vote.

Senate Majority Leader John Thune — who is planning to unveil his chamber’s version of the bill as soon as next week — said his timeline is unmoved by Musk. 

“We are already pretty far down the trail,” he said.

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