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Sales tax holidays: Boon or bust for retailers?

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Historically, the first sales tax holidays started in the Southeast U.S. — hurricane-related holidays to incentivize people to prepare themselves for heavy weather events, under the premise that impacts of hurricanes would be lessened if residents were better prepared.

Sales tax holidays then expanded into back-to-school sales, starting pre-Labor Day in late July through early August. These holidays were built around the fact that they were great politics at a time of approaching elections and were great for retailers. This bolstered a weekend when people would be spending money anyway, getting ready for the school season. 

But with the main sales tax season just ending, it’s worth noting one major challenge that comes along with them, according to Scott Peterson, vice president of U.S. tax policy and government relations at Avalara: “States don’t administer sales tax, retailers do. States simply make an announcement — the real change happens in the cash register.”

A back-to-school sale at Target

Patrick T. Fallon/Bloomberg

Avalara conducted a survey to quantify the burden for 500 businesses in the midst of ever-expanding sales tax holidays. “We queried operations and finance professionals in the middle of August, with questions around the operational side of sales tax holidays,” Peterson said. “We asked, ‘What does it take to do that work? How did holidays impact them? What did it cost to administer a sales tax holiday?'”

One-third of retailers said sales tax holidays are a logistical nightmare, with 32% responding that they only broke even at sales tax holidays due to personnel and other expenses, while 27% lost money after investing in new resources. A total of 41% of retailers made more money than it cost to prepare for the holiday.

Meanwhile, 57% needed to hire additional staff for sales tax holiday crunches, and 27% said the biggest challenge is the financial burden it puts on the business.

“The challenge is that retailers sell multiple products,” Peterson said. “Home Depot, for example, sells some goods that would seem to qualify for back-to-school. For instance, is a work shirt something a parent would buy their child for back-to-school? Home Depot sells pads, pens and pencils. What qualifies? A larger retailer might need to go to their state department of revenue to get clarity on the correct course of action.”

A good example of this complexity is Florida — they have eight sales tax holidays this year, including back-to-school holidays twice a year for a week each time. 

“What really causes complexity is the lack of adequate notice of upcoming holidays,” Peterson observed. “Florida has a one-month Freedom Tax Holiday in July, exempting around 30 different types of products — for example camping supplies such as tents, chairs, sleeping bags, stoves, lanterns, flashlights, and so forth. Each product type has a separate dollar limit.”

As tax director of South Dakota, Peterson noted that retailers were often opponents of proposed sales tax holidays. “This was in the 1990s, and rudimentary cash registers were the norm, typically leased from companies that had to make changes to the cash registers. It could cost a retailer $3,000 to bring the leasing company in to make changes to cash registers for a single weekend.”

Adequate notice is considered 60 days, which is often not the case on the ground with state changes to existing sales tax holidays or introducing new holidays. But this year, Avalara received three days’ notice of a new Florida sales tax holiday and had to make rapid system changes.

“State departments of revenue need to decide on, for example, what constitutes a weekend,” said Peterson. “They then need to agree on product categories and dollar limits on products. And sales clerks and point of sale systems need to be aware of and updated for tax free items at the point of purchase.”

The states vary widely in their approach to exempting items for the holiday, according to Peterson. 

“In Iowa, only clothing and footwear are included,” he explained. “But in Florida, back-to-school tax holidays involve a long list of eligible items. For Walmart, operating across states, their computers need to reflect specifics of each sales tax holiday in each state. And sophisticated shopping cart systems need to have each item mapped for the correct sales tax rate, integrated with back-end sales tax software. These holidays represent a big expense for retailers.”

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Accounting

GASB issues guidance on capital asset disclosures

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The Governmental Accounting Standards Board issued guidance today that will require separate disclosures for certain types of capital assets for the purposes of note disclosures.

GASB Statement No. 104, Disclosure of Certain Capital Assets, also establishes requirements and additional disclosures for capital assets held for sale. 

The statement requires certain types of assets to be disclosed separately in the note disclosures about capital assets. The intent is to allow users to make better informed decisions and to evaluate accountability. The requirements are effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2025, and all reporting periods thereafter, though earlier application is encouraged.

The guidance requires separate disclosures for four types of capital assets:

  1. Lease assets reported under Statement 87, by major class of underlying asset;
  2. Intangible right-to-use assets recognized by an operator under Statement 94, by major class of underlying asset;
  3. Subscription assets reported under Statement 96; and,
  4. Intangible assets other than those listed in items 1-3, by major class of asset.

Under the guidance, a capital asset is a capital asset held for sale if the government has decided to pursue the sale of the asset, and it is probable the sale will be finalized within a year of the financial statement date. A government should disclose the historical cost and accumulated depreciation of capital assets held for sale, by major class of asset.

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Accounting

On the move: RRBB hires tax partner

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Uddin-Suha-RRBB.jpg
Suha Uddin

BRIAN BOUMAN MEMORY CREATIO

Suha Uddin was hired as a tax partner at RRBB Advisors, Somerset. 

Sax, Paterson, announced that its annual run/walk event SAX 4 Miler, supporting the Child Life Department at St. Joseph’s Children’s Hospital in Paterson, has achieved $1 million in total funds raised since its inception in 2012.    

Withum, Princeton, rolled out a new outsourcing service offering as part of its sustainability and ESG practice designed to help companies comply with the European Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive, the mandate requires reporting of detailed sustainability performance as it pertains to the European Sustainability Reporting Standards , effective January 2023.

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Accounting

Armanino takes on minority investment from Further Global

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Top 25 Firm Armanino LLP has taken on a strategic minority investment from private equity firm Further Global Capital Management.

The deal, which closed today, is the latest in the series of investments by private equity in large accounting firms that began in 2021 — but with a key difference, Armanino CEO Matt Armanino told Accounting Today.

“What’s maybe the punchline here — what’s really unique, I think — is that we wanted to focus on a minority investment that allowed us to retain not just operational control of the business, but ownership control of the business,” he said. “Those are some of the guiding principles that we’ve been thinking about over the last number of years, and we felt like if we could accomplish those things strategically with the right partner, it would really be just a home run, and that’s where we think we’ve landed.”

As is common with CPA firms taking on private equity investment, Armanino LLP will restructure to an alternative practice structure, splitting into two independently owned and governed professional-services entities: Armanino LLP, a licensed CPA firm wholly owned by individual CPAs, will provide attest services to clients, and Armanino Advisory LLC, a consulting and advisory firm, will perform non-attest services.

Inside the deal

As have many large firms, Armanino LLP had been looking at private equity for some time.

“We’ve been analyzing the PE trend over the last few years and our discussions with Further Global actually began several years ago, and along the way we confirmed our initial inclination that Further Global would be a great partner for us,” CEO Armanino said.

“We had the opportunity to meet with dozens of leading private equity firms,” he explained. “Ultimately we concluded that Further Global would be the best partner for us based on their expertise in partnering with professional service businesses in particular, and our desire for a minority deal structure.”

Matt Armanino
Matt Armanino

Robert Mooring

While citing Further Global’s “deep domain expertise” in financial services and business services firms, Armanino noted that this would be the PE firm’s first foray into the accounting profession: “This is their first accounting firm deal, and I think they’re only focused on this one at this time.”

An employee-owned PE firm, Further Global invests in companies in the business services and financial services industries, and has raised over $2.2 billion of capital.

Guggenheim Securities LLC served as the financial advisor and sole private placement agent to Armanino LLP, while Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP acted as its legal counsel. Further Global was advised by Pointe Advisory, with Kirkland & Ellis as legal counsel.

“Armanino ranks as high as any CPA firm in the country with the private equity community,” commented Allan Koltin, CEO of Koltin Consulting Group, who has advised Armanino for over two decades. “Their deal with Further Global fit just like a glove. They will keep control and now have the capital structure to compete on the biggest of stages.”

Internally, the Armanino partner group was unanimous in its support for the deal — and in its insistence on only selling a minority stake.

“We’ve had transparent discussions at the leadership level around not only adding an outside investor, but we knew very early on that a minority investment was the best path forward for us, and we were very excited that there was unanimous support from the entire partnership group around that decision,” Armanino said. “This structure is also going to allow the long-term owners and partners of Armanino to maintain full control over our day-to-day operations, and the proud culture that we’ve built.”

“No other firm in the Top 25 has a structure like this, and I think that’s pretty significant,” he added.

Capital plans

The goal of the deal is to give Armanino the capital it needs to take itself to a new level of growth while also addressing some of the most pressing challenges in accounting: investing in technology, pursuing inorganic growth through M&A, and attracting and retaining talent.

The firm has always been tech-forward, and recently has been a major pioneer in artificial intelligence.

“The capital will enable us to fast-track our investments in advanced technology solutions, particularly AI,” said Matt Armanino. “We’ve seen growing desire from our clients to deploy real applications for AI solutions. And while we’ve been at the forefront of automation and AI since the early days, with the development of our AI Lab a few years ago, innovative AI-driven solutions that address our clients’ most urgent challenges remain a top priority for us.”

Beyond technology investments, the firm plans to continue its aggressive M&A strategy, which has brought on 19 acquisitions since 2019.

“Those transactions have allowed us to expand our capabilities and enter into new markets and drive greater value to our clients,” said Armanino. “And we think we can accelerate that now with this capital structure that we have.”

All that M&A has brought the firm a lot of fresh talent, but no firm these days has enough, and that’s a third purpose for the new capital.

“We think there remains a lot of ripe talent across the country out there,” he said. “I think the capital will support our efforts to attract, retain, develop and reward top talent by investing in people who drive our entrepreneurial spirit here at the firm.”

The deal will allow the firm to reward top talent, for instance through equity plans that allow them to extend the firm’s ownership culture beyond the partner group that it has traditionally been restricted to.

“In many cases, for our most senior employees today, there’s not a natural mechanism to align their effort to the success of the firm to the growth of our enterprise value and how that ultimately rewards them,” explained Armanino. “And we are very excited that we have new mechanisms, and plans in place, that are going to allow us to do that very well, and effectively push down the benefits of ownership and that ownership culture to our most senior employees.”

“Finally,” he added, “speaking to our innovative culture — and that’s a big part of our brand — the capital will empower us to say ‘Yes’ more frequently to great ideas, to entrepreneurial ideas and initiatives that truly make a difference for our clients and set us apart as a leader in this industry.”

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