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Younger Americans are loving ROTH IRAs

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More savers are embracing the tax-advantaged accounts, and many will contribute leading up to tax day

Young savers are flocking to Roth IRAs

They are taking the advice of parents, workplace financial coaches and tax advisers, who have long preached the gospel of these accounts to save for retirement and even big purchases.

By getting the money in early, the thinking goes, they are giving it time to grow tax-free. In the run-up to tax day, more savers are making last-minute contributions to max out their individual retirement accounts.

Savers such as Maria Kyriakopoulos are opening Roth IRAs in addition to saving in their workplace retirement plans. After the 23-year-old got her first full-time job as an analyst at J.P. Morgan Private Bank last July, she immediately started saving in her 401(k).

She also opened a Roth IRA. She just finished contributing to hit the $7,000 maximum allowed for 2024 and contributed $700 to get a start on saving for 2025. 

“You have to save a little money on the side,” Kyriakopoulos said. She contributes anywhere from $250 to $800 a month, depending on how much she has left after paying rent, her student loan bills and other expenses.

5 STEPS TO HOME OWNERSHIP

Of those who contribute to an IRA or Roth IRA, 41% were under 40 in 2022, up from 28% in 2016, according to the latest data from the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College. And most young contributors choose the Roth option, according to the Investment Company Institute.

Many of those opening accounts are customers of financial technology firms, including those that promise money akin to 401(k) matches. Robinhood, for example, offers to match up to 3% of users’ IRA contributions.

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It is “the young, hip and cool with their cellphones,” said Alicia Munnell, a senior adviser at the Center for Retirement Research.

Kelli Send, the co-founder of Francis, which provides financial planning advice to employees at their workplaces, says to first contribute to a workplace plan to take advantage of any employer match, and then open a Roth IRA. 

“It’s an escape valve, if you need it,” she said. Taxpayers can always access amounts up to their Roth IRA contributions with no tax hit or early-distribution penalties. Earnings generally can’t come out tax- and penalty-free until age 59½. 

HOW A DOGE DIVIDEND WOULD WORK

You can make IRA contributions for a given year any time between Jan. 1 and tax day of the following year. So taxpayers can still contribute for the 2024 tax year through April 15. 

Boris Wong, a 36-year-old researcher at Vanguard, says he makes the full contribution to his Roth IRA in January. “Why do I have this ritual? If you invest on Jan. 1, you have 15 months extra of compounding,” he said.

Taxpayers must have at least as much earned income as the amount of their IRA contributions, although there is an exception for spouses. With Roth IRAs, the ability to contribute directly depends on savers’ modified adjusted gross income. Those above the income limits can put money into a traditional IRA and move it into a Roth, though there are some pitfalls.

Contributions are in after-tax dollars, but withdrawals can be tax-free. As a result, Roth accounts can be a good choice for savers who expect their tax rate to be higher—or the same—at withdrawal versus at contribution.

RETIREMENT CONTRIBUTION LIMITS FOR 2025

With traditional IRAs, the opposite is the case: Contributions are often tax-deductible, and funds typically grow tax-deferred. So those accounts can make sense for savers who want to lower their taxable income now, and expect their tax bracket to be lower when they withdraw the money. 

“I wish I had put more money into Roths. Early diversification is a good idea,” said Munnell. Still working in her early 80s, she has found that she has to take more withdrawals from her traditional IRA than she needs and pay taxes. 

Traditional IRAs require annual payouts once you reach 73. Withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income. By contrast, you don’t have to take any distributions from a Roth during your lifetime.

At work, Kyriakopoulos noticed a trend among young rich clients. Many of them inherited money and even though they earn, say, $50,000 at an entry-level white-collar job, they have substantial taxable portfolios. So they move money religiously to Roth IRAs.

US hundred dollar bills on table

Two Bay Area, California cities have the highest cost of living in the country according to a list published by GOBankingRates. (Matias Baglietto/NurPhoto via Getty Images / Getty Images)

John Longoria II rolled leftover funds from a 529 college savings plan into his Roth IRA.

John Longoria II, 24, who is making just over $40,000 as a digital marketing intern in Chicago, is drawing partly from a taxable account his parents helped him set up as a child to fund his Roth IRA. He’s also rolling over leftover funds from a 529 college savings plan into the Roth IRA, and adding some money from his paycheck. 

“I try to save money any which way I can,” Longoria said, noting that he has four roommates. 

One drawback of Roth IRAs is that, unlike 401(k)s where many employers automatically enroll employees in the plan and deduct contributions from their paychecks, IRA savers have to set up the accounts, make contributions and be diligent about sticking with it. Most IRA custodians let customers set up direct deposits into their IRAs.

Still, you have to pick your investments and stay on top of changing contribution limits.

Mel Meagher, a 37-year-old human resources manager in Brownsville, Wis., opened a Roth IRA at Vanguard in 2023, when the contribution limit was $6,500. She didn’t increase her contributions when the limit went to $7,000 for 2024.

Now, she is having to make up the $500 difference for 2024, on top of starting her 2025 contributions. She also puts 5% of her pay into her 401(k), which has a 5% employer match. 

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Why a Roth?

“I don’t want to pull it out early, but I like that there is that flexibility if something happens down the road,” she said.

Write to Ashlea Ebeling at [email protected]

Copyright ©2022 Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 87990cbe856818d5eddac44c7b1cdeb8

Appeared in the March 24, 2025, print edition as ‘Roth IRAs Are In Vogue With the Young Crowd.’

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Wall Street trading revenue boosted by Trump policy volatility

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U.S. President Donald Trump meets with El Salvador President Nayib Bukele (not pictured) in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, D.C., U.S., April 14, 2025. 

Kevin Lamarque | Reuters

Wall Street banks just posted their biggest-ever haul from stock trading as the opening months of President Donald Trump‘s tenure led to upheavals across asset classes — and the need for institutional investors around the world to position themselves for a new regime.

Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, JPMorgan Chase and Bank of America each notched record equities trading revenue in the first quarter, with the first three producing roughly $4 billion in revenue apiece.

When including Citigroup and Wells Fargo, the six largest U.S. banks put up $16.3 billion in stock trading in the quarter, 33% more than a year earlier and higher than in previous periods of tumult, like the 2020 coronavirus pandemic or the 2008 global financial crisis.

The performance, which helped every bank except Wells Fargo beat expectations for the quarter, was deemed “spectacular,” “extraordinary” and “awesome” by analysts in conference calls over the past week.

It’s a twist on the anticipated Trump boom for Wall Street.

Trump’s second time in office was supposed to be good for Wall Street’s dealmakers, the investment bankers handling billion-dollar acquisitions and high-profile IPO listings. Instead, deal activity has remained tepid, and the biggest beneficiaries so far have been sitting on bank’s trading floors.

While equities traders put up the biggest gains during the first quarter, according to their earnings releases, fixed income personnel also saw higher revenue on rising activity in currencies, commodities and bond markets.

“So long as the volatility continues — and there’s no reason to believe it’s going to stop anytime soon — equities trading desks should remain plenty busy,” James Shanahan, a bank analyst at Edward Jones, said in a phone interview.

Wall Street gains on volatility while regional banks struggle to keep up

While investment banking has remained muted as corporate leaders put off making strategic decisions amid ongoing uncertainty, professional investors have “a lot to play for” as they seek to rack up gains, Morgan Stanley CEO Ted Pick said Friday.  

Booming trading results will help big banks as they set aside potentially billions of dollars for soured loans as the economy weakens further, Shanahan said. JPMorgan executives said Friday that their models assume U.S. unemployment will rise to 5.8% later this year. Unemployment stood at 4.2% in March, according to data from the Labor Department.

The environment leaves regional banks, which mostly lack sizeable trading operations, in a “tough spot” amid stagnant loan growth and elevated borrower defaults, Shanahan added.

‘Significant moves’

The first quarter is typically a busy one for trading as investors at hedge funds, pensions and other active managers start their performance cycles anew.

That was especially true this year; hours after his January swearing-in ceremony, Trump said that he would soon implement tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico. The next month, he began escalating trade tensions with China, while also targeting specific industries and products like automobiles and steel.

The dynamic — in which Trump introduced, and then scaled back sweeping tariffs with profound implications for American businesses — reached a fever pitch in early April, around his so-called “Liberation Day” announcements. That’s when markets began making historic moves, as both equities and government bonds whipsawed amid the chaos.

The heightened activity levels could mean that the second quarter is even more profitable for Wall Street’s giants than the first.

“We obviously saw significant moves in equity markets as people positioned for a different kind of trade policy during March” that led to “higher activity for us in a variety of ways,” Goldman CEO David Solomon told analysts on Monday.

So far in the second quarter, “the business is performing very well and clients are very active” Solomon said.

Wall Street has evolved since the 2008 financial crisis, which consolidated trading and investment banking among fewer, larger firms after Lehman Brothers and Bear Stearns were wiped out.

Led by folks including Morgan Stanley’s Pick — who is credited with overhauling the firm’s fixed income business and taking its equities franchise to new heights before he became CEO last year — Wall Street’s dominant trading desks are providing ever-faster execution and larger credit lines to professional investors all over the world.

Rather than wagering house money on bets, they have leaned more to facilitating trades and providing leverage for clients, meaning they profit from activity, whether markets go up or down.

“We’ve been working with clients nonstop,” Pick said on Friday. “For all of the concerns about what could come down the road in the real economy, the market-making and the ability to transact to clients as they up and down their leverage levels has been very orderly.”

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Lyft to buy taxi app Free Now for $200 million to expand into Europe

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Lyft logo is seen in this illustration taken June 27, 2022.

Dado Ruvic | Reuters

U.S. ride-hailing firm Lyft on Wednesday announced that it’s buying European taxi app Free Now in a 175 million euro ($199 million) deal.

The company said that the acquisition — Lyft’s first in Europe — is expected to close in the second half of 2025, and that, once combined, the two companies will serve over 50 million combined annual users.

Founded in 2009 as myTaxi, Free Now is a ride-hailing platform headquartered in Hamburg, Germany. The company has been jointly owned by German automotive giants BMW and Mercedes-Benz since 2019.

The app is available in over 150 cities across nine countries, including Ireland, the U.K., Germany and France. Beyond traditional taxi and ride-hailing services, Free Now also offers other mobility options including e-scooters, e-mopeds and e-bikes.

The startup is earnings-positive on the basis of Earnings Before Interest, Debt and Amortization, generating gross bookings over 1 billion euros in 2024, according to a company fact sheet.

‘Now is the time’

Lyft CEO David Risher: $200M FreeNow acquisition 'makes us a global company'

Lyft CEO David Risher told CNBC that the company is only now entering Europe because it saw an opportunity to expand after steadily improving the service in North America.

Noting that Thursday will mark his two-year anniversary as Lyft CEO, Risher said: “When I started, unfortunately, we were losing share, we were losing money. We weren’t doing so great for riders or drivers.”

“Now, we pick you up about a minute faster, driver cancelation is down to less than 5%, drivers are making billions of dollars on the platform. And our Canada operation has doubled this year over last year.”

He added: “So, looking at the strong service levels, looking at the fact that internationally, within Canada, we’re doing quite well. Now we said, ‘You know what, now is the time?”

Lyft’s closest domestic rival, Uber, has a lengthy head start on the firm, having first launched in the U.K. back in 2012. It has since been beset by a series of regulatory issues.

London’s transport regulators tried to ban Uber two times over safety concerns. The company was eventually awarded a fresh license to continue operating in the city in 2022.

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