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IRS faces issues in crackdown on high-income non-filers

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The Internal Revenue Service has been conducting “sweeps” in recent years to uncover cases where high-income people have not been filing taxes, but the tracking data and training need to be improved, according to a new report.

The report, released last week by the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration, found that high-income nonfiler sweeps cases worked on by IRS revenue officers from fiscal years 2021 through 2022 were more impactful in terms of case closures and dollars collected than similar non-sweeps cases. As a percentage of the overall cases they worked on, revenue officers secured more returns under sweeps than non-sweeps and referred significantly more returns to the IRS’s Examination function. “For tax years 2014 through 2020, revenue officers consistently collected more per sweep case than non-sweep case,” said the report.

Sweeps are a strategy employed by the IRS to either address an increase in its unassigned high-priority inventory of tax cases in an understaffed location or to support a compliance initiative, such as egregious employment tax cases and high-income nonfilers. The IRS expanded the use of sweeps between fiscal years 2019 and 2022.

Last year, former IRS Commissioner Danny Werfel announced an initiative in which it began sending notices to high-income people who haven’t been filing tax returns since 2017.

“When people don’t file a tax return they’re required to, it’s not fair to those hardworking taxpayers who responsibly do their civic duty under the laws of our nation,” he said during a press call last year. “When people don’t file their taxes, they need to know there’s a consequence. And this is why I was particularly troubled to learn when I became commissioner that the IRS had to back off our core compliance work on non-filers. Due to severe budget and staff limitations, the IRS non-filer program has only run sporadically since 2016. This program pullback didn’t happen because of lack of information. The IRS knows who these non-filers are. The IRS has the third-party information, such as through Forms W-2 and 1099, indicating these people received significant income but failed to file a tax return. The IRS has known these people are out there, and they involved some very prosperous households.”

Sweeps were conducted throughout the U.S. and internationally, the TIGTA report noted, but there were several geographic areas in the continental U.S. that have a high number of high-income nonfilers where limited or no sweeps were done. The report suggested opportunities for more sweeps in places like eastern New Mexico, western Texas, northwestern Nevada and Wyoming. 

However, it’s unclear whether the IRS will be prioritizing such sweeps in the future, given the layoffs underway at the agency. On Monday, TIGTA reported that more than 11,000 IRS employees have been laid off so far this year, or about 11% of the workforce, under the Trump administration’s efforts to reduce the size of the federal workforce, with cuts especially heavily among revenue agents, where 31% have been laid off or agreed to participate in the voluntary buyout program. 

There were other areas where the sweeps could be improved. The review found that missing, incomplete, and/or inaccurate data were found in data fields such as the taxpayer’s name, address, revenue officer identifier and case assignment date. These errors were not identified and corrected before TIGTA’s review. 

TIGTA said it worked with the IRS to make corrections so the data reviewed for the audit were accurate and complete. However, it suggested the IRS would benefit from complete and accurate data to track the results of sweeps. 

The IRS’s Field Collection team is not always using sweeps to help train and develop employee skills, the report noted. And while the sweeps desk guide provides the IRS with many opportunities to develop employee skills, managers at the IRS’s Collection unit are not always taking advantage of them. Those kinds of activities have the potential to make sweeps an even more effective tool. 

TIGTA recommended that the IRS’s Small Business/Self-Employed Division’s director of Field Collection should continue to identify and perform sweeps of all types, including assessments of high-risk geographical areas as well as issue-based sweeps. The report also suggested the IRS should regularly review sweeps data to identify and correct errors and ensure it’s accurate and complete before using it for management reporting. The IRS should also capture more information in the tracking spreadsheet so management can better assess the productivity of each sweep, the report recommended. That should include information such as which delinquent tax return modules were secured, whether any of the returns had tax assessments, and the results of specific collection initiatives. In addition, the IRS should remind all levels of management of the sweeps desk guide procedures and provide refresher training on their responsibilities in the sweeps process, the report recommended. IRS management agreed with all of TIGTA’s recommendations.

“We appreciate the audit team’s efforts to understand Field Collection employees’ experiences with Sweeps through revenue officer and manager interviews,” wrote Lia Colbert, commissioner of the IRS’s Small Business/Self-Employed division, in response to the report. “Their experiences and feedback conveyed the positive impact of Sweeps, and the importance of raising awareness of tax laws and compliance for many taxpayers in communities across the country.”

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Accounting

SALT Republicans have to accept ‘unhappy’ deal, GOP chair warns

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The chairman of the House tax committee warned lawmakers from high-tax states demanding relief from a $10,000 cap on the state and local deduction that they will have to settle for an “unhappy” compromise.

House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Jason Smith said Tuesday in a Bloomberg Television interview that he will strike a balance between those who want no limit on the SALT deduction and those who want no write-off at all.  

“The number we’ll find will probably make everyone unhappy,” Smith, a Missouri Republican, said. “And so that means it’s probably the right number.”

Smith said there will be an increase from the current $10,000 cap in the bill. While he did not reveal his preferred solution, lawmakers have been discussing at least doubling the cap for joint filers and indexing it to inflation. 

Lawmakers from high-tax states including New York, New Jersey and California are fighting for much bigger increases including $40,000 for individuals and $80,000 for joint filers.  

Such a change could cost more than $800 billion over ten years however, limiting the ability of Congress to pass other tax priorities, such as eliminating taxes on overtime and tips.

“We don’t have money sitting in a jar somewhere,” House Majority Leader Steve Scalise told reporters on Tuesday.

Those pushing a large SALT cap increase say they are not backing down. 

Representative Nick LaLota, a New York Republican, said five GOP lawmakers from five high-tax suburban districts are resolved to not back down on their unstated bottom line on a new SALT cap.

House Republican leaders cannot afford to lose support from more than three Republican lawmakers, unless they make concessions to Democrats — which the GOP leaders have said they would not do.

“Our strength is in numbers,” Lalota said. He told reporters that the SALT talks are far apart, on the 25-yard line with 75 yards to go. 

Smith said despite a postponement of a Ways and Means Committee vote on the tax package this week, Congress is still on track to enact the giant tax cut package by July 4. 

Ways and Means Committee member Kevin Hern of Oklahoma said that the committee would try to iron out its provisions behind closed doors by Friday in order to hold votes on them next week. 

In a separate Bloomberg Television interview, House Budget Committee Chairman Jodey Arrington said the biggest challenge to passing the bill will be ensuring the Senate agrees to trillions in spending cuts that the House wants in the package. The Senate outline for the bill only requires $4 billion in cuts while the House is aiming for $2 trillion. 

“That’s the scary piece for budget hawks like us,” he said.

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Accounting

HSA limits will get a modest bump from IRS in 2026

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Inflation-adjusted amounts for health savings accounts are headed up in 2026, according to the Internal Revenue Service, though not at levels seen in recent years.

The agency said for calendar year 2026, the annual limitation on deductions for an individual with self-only coverage under a high deductible health plan will be $4,400, up from $4,300 this year.

Among other increases for 2026:

  • The annual limitation on deductions for an individual with family coverage under a high deductible health plan is $8,750, up from $8,550 in 2023. 
  • A “high deductible health plan” will be a plan with an annual deductible that is not less than $1,700 for self-only coverage (up $50 from 2025) or $3,400 for family coverage (from $3,300 in 2025), and for which annual out-of-pocket expenses (but not premiums) are less than $8,500 for self-only coverage (up $100 from this year) or $17,000 for family coverage (up from this year’s $16,600).
  • The maximum amount that may be made newly available for the plan year for an excepted-benefit health reimbursement arrangement is $2,200, up $2,150 from 2025.

These increases are smaller than those in recent years, which were fueled by high inflation.

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Accounting

Women more likely in upper management at small businesses

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Women working at small businesses have a higher likelihood of making it into upper management than women at larger employers, a new study shows.

The disparity grows the longer women stay with one company. ADP Research found that 20% of women with eight years on the job who were employed at small businesses with fewer than 50 employees reported having upper management positions, compared to 8% of women at larger businesses.

“We see two possible explanations for this finding,” the report said. “First, large employers have many layers of leadership, while smaller ones are flatter. Upper management at a small employer might be defined as just two levels of leadership rather than the eight levels that larger companies average.”

“A second reason could be that the scope of management roles at smaller companies is often broader for economic reasons, in contrast to the deeper but narrower scope of responsibilities of roles at larger companies. Either way, women could gain greater and broader management experience at small companies than large ones.”

ADP

Patrick T. Fallon/Bloomberg

Twenty-eight percent of respondents, both men and women, said they feel strongly connected to their organizations. Similarly, 28% of women in their first year on the job, at any sized business, said the same. But that share rises significantly over time for women at small businesses and remains higher than 40% by their eighth year. At larger employers, women who say they’re strongly connected doesn’t pass 30%.”Some small business owners and managers might be more intentional and assertive in their efforts to build connections with workers,” the report said. “But the relatively large share of connected workers also could be a natural advantage of their smaller size, which might make it easier for employees to communicate, build relationships, collaborate and feel valued.” 

Moreover, 37% of women, at any sized business, in their first year report they’re thriving. The figure remains steady for women who stay at small businesses long term, while the figure declines for women at larger businesses in the first four years and never fully recovers after that. 

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