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Tax Strategy: Trump tax proposals and 2025 tax legislation

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2025 promises to be a very big year for tax legislation.

Having the White House, House and Senate all in control of the same party increases the likelihood that major tax legislation can be agreed upon. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted in the first year of Donald Trump’s first term when Republicans also had control of the White House and Congress. Republicans are also likely to use budget reconciliation to enable the legislation to be enacted without any Democratic support by avoiding the filibuster rules of the Senate.

Republicans will still have to keep almost all their members on board given their narrow majorities in both the House and Senate. Budget reconciliation will also require Republicans to agree on a budget resolution that will specify the spending, taxes, and deficit to be allowed under the budget resolution, and then require the congressional committees to follow that resolution in crafting the legislation.

The two main focuses of the 2025 tax legislation are likely to be extension of and other tinkering with the provisions of the TCJA, many of which are currently set to expire after 2025, and enactment of the many tax-related proposals Trump has made on the campaign trail. The legislation will still be difficult to pull together, with many of the tax proposals coming at a high cost, and growing concern about increasing the size of the federal deficit.

Expiring TCJA provisions

President-elect Trump has proposed extending almost all the expiring provisions of the TCJA. These include:

  1. Maintaining the current tax rate brackets with a top rate of 37%;
  2. Maintaining the TCJA’s elevated standard deduction, which has resulted in around 80% of taxpayers claiming the standard deduction rather than itemizing;
  3. Continuing the elimination of the personal exemption;
  4. Continuing the elimination of miscellaneous itemized deductions in excess of the 2% floor, including unreimbursed employee business expenses, investment expenses, tax preparation fees, and safe deposit box rental expenses;
  5. Continuing the elimination of the Pease limit on overall itemized deductions;
  6. Continuing the 60% of adjusted gross income limit on charitable contribution deductions;
  7. Continuing the current $750,000 limit on the mortgage interest deduction;
  8. Continuing the current $2,000 Child Tax Credit with a $1,400 refundable amount;
  9. Continuing the current, more limited, individual alternative minimum tax; and,
  10. Continuing the current high level of the unified estate and gift tax exclusion amount, which is $13,990,000 for 2025.

The TCJA also included the $10,000 limit on the state and local tax deduction. Trump has mentioned perhaps letting that limit expire. Other proposals include at least doubling it for married filing jointly to $10,000 for each spouse or otherwise increasing the limit.

Several business provisions are also already phasing down. Republicans included retroactively extending these provisions in the Tax Relief for American Families and Workers bill in 2024. However, that bill failed to pass the Senate. These include:

  1. Restoration of 100% deduction for research and experimentation expenses;
  2. Restoration of 100% bonus depreciation, currently phasing down to 60% in 2024 and 40% in 2025; and,
  3. Restoration of the business interest deduction limitation to not include adjustments for depreciation, depletion and amortization.

A few business-related provisions of the TCJA are also scheduled to expire after 2025. These include:

  1. The 20% qualified business income deduction;
  2. The disallowance of the moving expense deduction, other than for members of the armed forces; and,
  3. Empowerment Zones and the New Markets Tax Credit, expiring at the end of 2025, and Opportunity Zones, expiring at the end of 2026.

Several of the international tax provisions of the TCJA are modified after 2025:

  1. BEAT increases to 12.5% from 10%;
  2. GILTI deduction drops from 50% to 37.5%;
  3. FDII drops from 37.5% to 21.875%; and,
  4. The look-through rule for controlled foreign corporations from other related CFCs expires.
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Donald Trump during a campaign event in Las Vegas

Ian Maule/Getty Images

Trump’s campaign proposals

President-elect Trump made a number of tax proposals at campaign stops during the election campaign. Most of them lack detail as to how they would be implemented.

  • No taxation of tip income. This would be a new concept in the tax law. It would favor workers receiving tip income over other low-wage workers who do not receive tip income and might encourage employers to try to push more employees into tip income. It is not clear if it would include tips in kind or only cash tips. Taxation of tip income was already difficult to administer, and it is not clear if this would simplify administration or further complicate the issue. The proposal would be expensive.
  • No taxation of overtime. This would also be a new concept in the tax law. It also raises definitional questions of what constitutes overtime — e.g., does it include an employee who works more than 40 hours per week because the employee holds two jobs? It might encourage employees to try to maximize overtime pay versus regular pay. The proposal would also be expensive.
  • No taxation of Social Security benefits. This would be relatively easy to incorporate into the tax law since Social Security benefits are already not taxed to recipients under certain income levels. The proposal would be expensive and contribute to a more rapid depletion of the Social Security Trust Fund.
  • Deduction of car loan interest. This would be relatively easy to incorporate into the tax law since there is already a deduction for home mortgage interest. This proposal would also be expensive to adopt. It might help more taxpayers qualify for itemized deductions in excess of the standard deduction.
  • Elimination of double taxation of citizens living abroad. There are already several tax provisions designed to limit double taxation of citizens living abroad. These include tax treaties, the foreign tax credit, the foreign earned income exclusion, and the foreign housing deduction and exclusion. It is not clear if this proposal would try to modify these provisions or seek to revise the fundamental U.S. tax policy of taxing U.S. citizens on their worldwide income regardless of where they reside.
  • Elimination of clean energy credits. Trump has specifically proposed eliminating the clean energy credits with respect to electric vehicles. It is not clear how far this extends to other clean energy credits. Many Republican lawmakers have voiced support for some of the clean energy credits. This proposal would help to raise some revenue to offset the expense of some of the other proposals.
  • Corporate income tax. Although the corporate income tax rate established by the TCJA is permanent at 21% and not set to expire, Trump has proposed lowering it further to 18% or 20% and 15% for domestic manufacturers. This would also be an expensive provision that might be dropped due to deficit concerns.
  • Sovereign wealth fund. Trump has proposed establishing a sovereign wealth fund for investment activities by the government, similar to funds operated by several other countries. Trump has proposed funding it with tariffs and has predicted that it would be a revenue raiser for the country.
  • Tariffs. Trump has proposed a variety of tariffs as a favorite revenue raiser. These include a broadly applicable 10% or 20% tariff on imports, a 60% tariff of imports from China, and a 100% tariff on vehicles from Mexico. He has also recently proposed 25% tariffs on Canada and Mexico and an additional 10% tariff on China related to control of drugs coming into the U.S. Trump would have some freedom under current law to impose tariffs by executive action, although Congress could act to restrict that authority. Trump has suggested that tariffs could pay for many of his other tax proposals, although some commentators doubt that tariffs could raise that level of income. Trump has also suggested that tariffs could at some point replace the U.S. income tax, although again many commentators doubt that it could raise sufficient revenue. Tariffs would also tend to be much more regressive than the current income tax.

Summary

These are likely to be the discussion points around which 2025 tax legislation develops. As was done with the TCJA, there may be a tendency to try to get in as many tax breaks as possible, but to try to control the revenue cost by including phasedowns and phaseouts to stay within budget reconciliation requirements. The negotiations are likely to be difficult but also likely to end up with significant tax legislation enacted in 2025.

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XcelLabs launches to help accountants use AI

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Jody Padar, an author and speaker known as “The Radical CPA,” and Katie Tolin, a growth strategist for CPAs, together launched a training and technology platform called XcelLabs.

XcelLabs provides solutions to help accountants use artificial technology fluently and strategically. The Pennsylvania Institute of CPAs and CPA Crossings joined with Padar and Tolin as strategic partners and investors.

“To reinvent the profession, we must start by training the professional who can then transform their firms,” Padar said in a statement. “By equipping people with data and insights that help them see things differently, they can provide better advice to their clients and firm.”

Padar-Jody- new 2019

Jody Padar

The platform includes XcelLabs Academy, a series of educational online courses on the basics of AI, being a better advisor, leadership and practice management; Navi, a proprietary tool that uses AI to help accountants turn unstructured data like emails, phone calls and meetings into insights; and training and consulting services. These offerings are currently in beta testing.

“Accountants know they need to be more advisory, but not everyone can figure out how to do it,” Tolin said in a statement. “Couple that with the fact that AI will be doing a lot of the lower-level work accountants do today, and we need to create that next level advisor now. By showing accountants how to unlock patterns in their actions and turn client conversations into emotionally intelligent advice, we can create the accounting professional of the future.”

Tolin-Katie-CPA Growth Guides

Katie Tolin

“AI is transforming how CPAs work, and XcelLabs is focused on helping the profession evolve with it,” PICPA CEO Jennifer Cryder said in a statement. “At PICPA, we’re proud to support a mission that aligns so closely with ours: empowering firms to use AI not just for efficiency, but to drive growth, value and long-term relevance.”

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Accounting is changing, and the world can’t wait until 2026

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The accountant the world urgently needs has evolved far beyond the traditional role we recognized just a few years ago. 

The transformation of the accounting profession is not merely an anticipated change; it is a pressing reality that is currently shaping business decisions, academic programs and the expected contributions of professionals. Yet, in many areas, accounting education stubbornly clings to outdated, overly technical models that fail to connect with the actual demands of the market. We must confront a critical question: If we continue to train accountants solely to file tax reports, are we truly equipping them for the challenges of today’s world? 

This shift in mindset extends beyond individual countries or educational systems; it is a global movement. The recent announcement of the CIMA/CGMA 2026 syllabus has made it unmistakably clear: merely knowing how to post journal entries is insufficient. Today’s accountants are required to interpret the landscape, anticipate risks and act with strategic awareness. Critical thinking, sustainable finance, technology and human behavior are not just supplementary topics; they are essential components in the education of any professional seeking to remain relevant. 

The CIMA/CGMA proposal for 2026 is not just a curriculum update; it is a powerful manifesto. This new program positions analytical thinking, strategic business partnering and technology application at the core of accounting education. It unequivocally highlights sustainability, aligning with IFRS S1 and S2, and expands the accountant’s responsibilities beyond mere numbers to encompass conscious leadership, environmental impact and corporate governance. 

The current changes in the accounting profession underscore an urgent shift in expectations from both educators and employers. Today, companies of all sizes and industries demand accountants who can do far more than interpret balance sheets. They expect professionals who grasp the deeper context behind the numbers, identify inconsistencies, anticipate potential issues before they escalate into losses, and act decisively as a bridge between data and decision making. 

To meet these expectations, a radical mindset shift is essential. There are firms still operating on autopilot, mindlessly repeating tasks with minimal critical analysis. Likewise, many academic programs continue to treat accounting as purely a technical discipline, disregarding the vital elements of reflection, strategy and behavioral insight. This outdated approach creates a significant mismatch. While the world forges ahead, parts of the accounting profession remain stuck in the past. 

The consequences of this shift are already becoming evident. The demand for compliance, transparency and sustainability now applies not only to large corporations but also to small and mid-sized businesses. Many of these organizations rely on professionals ill-equipped to drive the necessary changes, putting both business performance and the reputation of the profession at risk. 

The positive news is that accountants who are ready to thrive in this new era do not necessarily need additional degrees. What they truly need is a commitment to awareness, a dedication to continuous learning, and the courage to step beyond their comfort zones. The future of accounting is here, and it is firmly rooted in analytical, strategic and human-oriented perspectives. The 2026 curriculum is a clear indication of the changes underway. Those who fail to think critically and holistically will be left behind. 

In contrast, accountants who see the big picture, understand the ripple effects of their decisions, and actively contribute to the financial and ethical health of organizations will undeniably remain indispensable, anywhere in the world.

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Republicans push Musk aside as Trump tax bill barrels forward

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Congressional Republicans are siding with Donald Trump in the messy divorce between the president and Elon Musk, an optimistic sign for eventual passage of a tax cut bill at the root of the two billionaires’ public feud.

Lawmakers are largely taking their cues from Trump and sticking by the $3 trillion bill at the center of the White House’s economic agenda. Musk, the biggest political donor of the 2024 cycle, has threatened to help primary anyone who votes for the legislation, but lawmakers are betting that staying in the president’s good graces is the safer path to political survival.

“The tax bill is not in jeopardy. We are going to deliver on that,” House Speaker Mike Johnson told reporters on Friday.

“I’ll tell you what — do not doubt, don’t second guess and do not challenge the President of the United States Donald Trump,” he added. “He is the leader of the party. He’s the most consequential political figure of our time.”

A fight between Trump and Musk exploded into public view this week. The sparring started with the tech titan calling the president’s tax bill a “disgusting abomination,” but quickly escalated to more personal attacks and Trump threatening to cancel all federal contracts and subsidies to Musk’s companies, such as Tesla Inc. and SpaceX which have benefitted from government ties.

Republicans on Capitol Hill, who had —  until recently — publicly embraced Musk, said they weren’t swayed by the billionaire’s criticism that the bill cost too much. Lawmakers have refuted official estimates of the package, saying that the tax cuts for households, small businesses and politically important groups — including hospitality and hourly workers — will generate enough economic growth to offset the price tag.

“I don’t tell my friend Elon, I don’t argue with him about how to build rockets, and I wish he wouldn’t argue with me about how to craft legislation and pass it,” Johnson told CNBC earlier Friday.

House Budget Committee Chair Jodey Arrington told reporters that House lawmakers are focused on working with the Senate as it revises the bill to make sure the legislation has the political support in both chambers to make it to Trump’s desk for his signature. 

“We move past the drama and we get the substance of what is needed to make the modest improvements that can be made,” he said.

House fiscal hawks said that they hadn’t changed their prior positions on the legislation based on Musk’s statements. They also said they agree with GOP leaders that there will be other chances to make further spending cuts outside the tax bill. 

Representative Tom McClintock, a fiscal conservative, said “the bill will pass because it has to pass,” adding that both Musk and Trump needed to calm down. “They both need to take a nap,” he said.

Even some of the House bill’s most vociferous critics appeared resigned to its passage. Kentucky Representative Thomas Massie, who voted against the House version, predicted that despite Musk’s objections, the Senate will make only small changes.

“The speaker is right about one thing. This barely passed the House. If they muck with it too much in the Senate, it may not pass the House again,” he said.

Trump is pressuring lawmakers to move at breakneck speed to pass the tax-cut bill, demanding they vote on the bill before the July 4 holiday. The president has been quick to blast critics of the bill — including calling Senator Rand Paul “crazy” for objecting to the inclusion of a debt ceiling increase in the package.

As the legislation worked its way through the House last month, Trump took to social media to criticize holdouts and invited undecided members to the White House to compel them to support the package. It passed by one vote.

Senate Majority Leader John Thune — who is planning to unveil his chamber’s version of the bill as soon as next week — said his timeline is unmoved by Musk. 

“We are already pretty far down the trail,” he said.

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